Page 183 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ17% eqnzk xq.kd vkSj okf.kT; cSadksa }kjk lk[k fuekZ.k

uksV
udn vkjf{kr vuqikr (r) vkjafHkd tek oqQy tek esa o`f¼ lk[k fuekZ.k
(Cash Reserve Ratio) (Primary Deposit) (credit Creation)
 1 
  ∆ D = ∆ P  
r
(Increase in Total Deposit)

10% 1000 10,000 10,000–1,000 = 9,000
5% 1000 20,000 20,000–1,000 = 19,000

20% 1000 5,000 5,000–1,000 = 4,000

(;gk¡ DP : izkFkfed tek esa o`f¼_ DD : oqQy tek esa o`f¼_ r : vkjf{kr udnh fufèk vuqikr)

mijksDr mnkgj.k ls Li"V gS fd tc udn vkjf{kr vuqikr (r) 10 izfr'kr gksrk gS rc oqQy tek esa o`f¼
10]000 #- gksrh gSA tc udn vkjf{kr vuqikr c<+ dj 20 izfr'kr gksrk gS rc oqQy tek esa o`f¼ osQoy 5]000
#- gksrh gSA blosQ foijhr] tc udn vkjf{kr vuqikr ?kV dj 5 izfr'kr gksrk gS rc oqQy tek esa o`f¼ 20]000
#- gksrh gSA

(2) izkFkfed tekvksa dh ek=kk (Amount of primary Deposits)µlk[k fuekZ.k dk foLrkj izkFkfed tek
dh ek=kk ij fuHkZj djrk gSA lk[k fuekZ.k rFkk izkFkfed tek esa lhèkk lacaèk gSA ;fn izkFkfed tek dh ek=kk
vfèkd gS rks lk[k dk fuekZ.k Hkh vfèkd gksxk vkSj ;fn izkFkfed tek dh ek=kk de gS rks lk[k dk fuekZ.k
Hkh de gksxk] Hkys gh udn vkjf{kr vuqikr (CRR) leku jgsA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ;fn
DP = 1000 ; r = 10% ÞDD = 10,000
DP = 500 ; r = 10% ÞDD = 5,000
DP = 2000 ; r = 10% ÞDD = 20,000

;fn udn vkjf{kr vuqikr (r) 10» gks rks 1]000 #- dh izkFkfed tek ls 10]000 #- dh oqQy tek izkIr gks
ldrh gSA nwljh vksj] izkFkfed tek 500 #- jg tkus ij oqQy tek osQoy 5]000 #- rd gh c<+ ldrh gSA
;fn izkFkfed tek 2]000 #- gks rks oqQy tek c<+ dj 20]000 #- gks ldrh gSA vr% ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡prs
gSa fd ;fn udn vkjf{kr vuqikr (r) fLFkj jgs rks izkFkfed tek rFkk oqQy tek dk ijLij lhèkk lacaèk gksrk
gSA
(3) yksxksa dh cSa¯dx lacaèkh vknrsa (Banking Habits of the People)µcSadksa dh lk[k fuekZ.k djus dh
'kfDr yksxksa dh cSa¯dx lacaèkh vknrksa ij Hkh fuHkZj djrh gSA ;fn yksx viuk O;olk; vfèkdrj psdksa }kjk djrs
gSa rks mUgsa vius ikl cgqr de udnh j[kuh iM+sxhA iQyLo:i cSadksa osQ ikl udnh cgqr c<+ tk,xh ftlls
mudh lk[k fuekZ.k dh 'kfDr Hkh cgqr c<+ tk,xhA fo'o osQ fodflr ns'kksa esa ,slk gh gksrk gSA ¯drq
vYi&fodflr ns'kksa esa yksx vfèkdrj viuk O;olk; uoQnh }kjk djrs gSaA ifj.kker% mudh udnh osQ fy, ek¡x
-
lnSo vfèkd gksrh gSA bl dkj.k cSadksa osQ udn 'ks"k de gks tkrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh mudh lk[k fuekZ.k djus dh
'kfDr Hkh ?kV tkrh gSA
(4) osaQnzh; cSad dh lk[k uhfr (Credit Policy of the Central Bank)µns'k osQ osaQnzh; cSad dh lk[k
uhfr ij Hkh O;kikfjd cSadksa dh lk[k fuekZ.k djus dh 'kfDr fuHkZj djrh gSA ;fn osaQnzh; cSad lLrh lk[k uhfr
(lk[k foLrkj uhfr) dk vuqlj.k djrk gS rks O;kikfjd cSadksa dh lk[k fuekZ.k djus dh 'kfDr c<+ tkrh gS blosQ
foijhr] ;fn osaQnzh; cSad eg¡xh lk[k uhfr (lk[k laoqQpu uhfr) dk vuqlj.k djrk gS rks O;kikfjd cSadksa dh
lk[k fuekZ.k dh 'kfDr ?kV tkrh gSA

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