Page 183 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—16% yksd ½.k osQ izHkko % lkoZtfud ½.k rFkk vk£Fkd fodkl

fdUrq ,d fopkj.kh; ckr ;g gS fd tc mèkkj fy, gq, èku dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rks Je vkSj iw¡th dh uksV
ek¡x mRiUu gks tkrh gSA ;fn Jfedksa dh deh gksrh gS rks bl fLFkfr esa etnwfj;k¡ c<+ tkrh gSaA etnwfj;k¡ c<+us
ls mRiknu&ykxr Hkh c<+ tkrh gS vkSj bldk izkbosV m|ksxksa ij izfrowQy izHkko iM+ ldrk gSA ijUrq ;fn dhersa
c<+us osQ ckotwn mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh ek¡x ij dksbZ izfrowQy izHkko ugha iM+rk rks izkbosV m|ksxksa ij Hkh dksbZ cqjk
izHkko ugha iM+rkA vU; 'kCnksa esa] ;fn mèkkj fy, gq, èku dks [kpZ djus osQ dkj.k ek¡x esa gksus okyh vkuqikfrd
o`f¼] Je (labour) dh deh osQ dkj.k mRiknu&ykxr esa gksus okyh vkuqikfrd o`f¼ ls vfèkd gksrh gS rks
m|ksx ij mldk izfrowQy izHkko ugha iM+rkA fdUrq Je dh lnk gh dh cuh jgh gks] ,slh ckr Hkh ugha gSA

uksV~l ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd csdkj Jfed dkiQh ek=kk esa gksa vkSj ;fn ljdkj bu csdkj iM+s gq, Jfedksa dk
mi;ksx djrh gS rks mRiknu&ykxr dh n`f"V ls izkbosV m|ksx ij mldk dksbZ izfrowQy izHkko ugha iM+rkA

(6) jkstxkj ij izHkko (Effect on Employment)

eUnhdky esa ewY;] miHkksx o mRiknu fxj tkrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljdkj viuh izfrHkwfr;ksa osQ vkèkkj ij
osQUnzh;dj.k ls èku izkIr djosQ mls ,sls dk;ks± ij O;; djrh gS ftlls jkstxkj dh ek=kk c<+s rFkk O;kikj dh
f'kfFkyrk Hkh lekIr gks losQA
(7) fofu;ksx ij izHkko (Effects on Investment)
lkèkkj.kr% lkoZtfud Í.kksa dk fofu;ksx ij izfrowQy izHkko iM+rk gSA ;fn ljdkj cSadksa ls Í.k izkIr djrh gS
rks mlls turk ij vfrfjDr Ø; 'kfDr vk;sxh vkSj fofu;ksx dh jkf'k esa dksbZ deh ugha gksxhA ijUrq ;fn Í.kksa
osQ fy, èku futh cprksa ;k O;kikj ls fy;k tkrk gS rks muls fofu;ksx ?kVsaxsA ;fn C;kt nj fLFkj gS rFkk ckW.Mksa
esa fo'ks"k vkd"kZ.k ugha gS rks futh fofu;ksx esa deh gksus dh lEHkkouk U;wure gks tkrh gSA

16-2 yksd Í.k dk Hkkj (Burden of Public Debt)

yksd Í.k osQ Hkkj ls vk'k; ml R;kx (sacrifice) ls gksrk gS tksfd djkèkku esa o`f¼ osQ izHkkoksa osQ dkj.k yksxksa
dks djuk gksrk gSA djkèkku esa o`f¼ ml le; djuh gksrh gS tcfd yksx Í.kksa dh okilh dh tkrh gS rFkk
ok£"kd C;kt dks vnk;fx;k¡ dh tkrh gSaA
yksd Í.kksa dk Hkkj izR;{k Hkh gks ldrk gS vkSj ijks{k HkhA izR;{k nzO; Hkkj (direct money burden) dk
eki Í.k&okfilh osQ èku dh ek=kk ls rFkk mlosQ dkj.k djkèkku esa dh tkus okyh o`f¼ dh ek=kk ls fd;k tkrk
gSA izR;{k okLrfod Hkkj (direct real burden) vk£Fkd dY;k.k dh ml gkfu (vFkkZr~ djknkrkvksa }kjk fd;s
tkus okys oLrqvksa o lsokvksa osQ ml R;kx) osQ cjkcj gksrk gS tksfd c<+s gq, djkèkku osQ izR;{k nzO; Hkkj osQ
dkj.k gksrh gSA fdUrq Í.k osQ ijks{k Hkkj (indirect burden) ls vk'k; mRiknu osQ Lrj ij c<+s gq, djkèkku
osQ izfrowQy izHkkoksa dh ek=kk ls gksrk gSA
yksd Í.k osQ Hkkj dk vuqeku yxkrs le; bl ckr dk Hkh è;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd Í.k mRiknd gS ;k
vuqRiknd] og vkUrfjd (internal) gS ;k fons'kh (external) vkSj ;g fd vFkZO;oLFkk esa dher&Lrj
(Price level) dh fLFkfr D;k gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa ;fn dherksa dk Lrj fxjrk gS rks nzO; dk ewY; (value of money) c<+rk gS vkSj foijhr
fLFkfr esa blls mYVk gksrk gSA ;fn dherksa dk Lrj fxjrk gS rks C;kt dk okLrfod Hkkj
(real burden) c<+rk gS vkSj foijhr fLFkfr esa blls mYVk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 177
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY