Page 180 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV • lkoZtfud ½.kksa ls ykHk ,oa gkfu laaca/h ckrksa dks tkuus gsrqA
• lkoZtfud ½.k rFkk vk£Fkd fodkl dks le>us esaA
• eqnzk&LiQhfr dh tkudkjh ysus gsrqA

izLrkouk (Introduction)

fdlh ns'k dk yksd Í.k mldh vFkZO;oLFkk dks nks izdkj ls izHkkfor djrk gSµ^vk; lEcUèkh izHkko*
(revenue effect) Hkh Mkyrk gS vkSj ^O;; lEcUèkh izHkko* (expenditure effects) HkhA
(1) vk; lEcUèkh izHkko (Revenue Effect)—tc yksd Í.k osQ ekè;e ls yksxksa ls #i;k fy;k tkrk gS
rks yksxksa dks vius ctV esa ifjorZu djuk gksrk gSA ;|fi ;g gks ldrk gS fd yksd Í.k miHkksx&O;; dks izR;{k
:i ls oSls izHkkfor u djs tSls fd djkèkku djrk gS] D;ksafd yksd ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa (securities) dks
[kjhnus osQ fy, Hkwrdkyhu vFkok orZeku cprksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ijurq oqQN ekeyksa esa ;g gks ldrk gS
fd yksx izfrHkwfr;k¡ [kjhnus osQ fy, vius pkyw O;; esa dVkSrh djosQ viuh cprksa esa o`f¼ djsaA Li"V gS fd
yksd Í.k miHkksx&O;; dks izHkkfor djrs gSa] bls yksd Í.k dk izFke izHkko dgk tk ldrk gSA
(2) O;; lEcUèkh izHkko (Expenditure Effect)—yksd Í.kksa osQ :i esa izkIr èkujkf'k dks O;; djosQ
yksxksa dks ykHk iznku fd;s tkrs gSaA ;g yksd Í.k dk nwljk izHkko gSA ;s ykHk mu yksHkksa ls oqQN fHkUu ugha
gksrs] tksfd dj&vk; dks O;; djosQ iznku fd;s tkrs gSa c'krsZ fd mèkkj osQ :i esa izkIr èkujkf'k dk Hkh oSlk
gh mi;ksx fd;k tk, tSlk fd dj&vk; dk fd;k tkrk gSA ijUrq okLrfodrk ;g gS fd oqQNsd ekeyksa dks
NksM+dj] mèkkj fy, gq, èku dk mi;ksx lnk gh mlls fHkUu :i esa fd;k tkrk gS tSlk fd dj&vk; (tax
revenue) dk fd;k tkrk gSA ijUrq ;g fHkUurk (difference) lnk gh dksbZ vfèkd rhoz ugha gksrhA mnkgj.k
osQ fy,] dj&vk; dk mi;ksx vè;kidksa osQ osru nsus esa fd;k tk ldrk gS rks Í.k dh èkujkf'k dk mi;ksx
LowQy osQ Hkouksa osQ fuekZ.k esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA djkèkku vkSj Í.k dh izkfIr;k¡ (proceeds) dks O;; djus
ls tks izHkko lkeus vkrs gSa] os vfèkdka'kr% ,d leku gksrs gSaA ijUrq oqQN ekeyksa esa] buesa Li"V vUrj ns[kk tk
ldrk gSA mèkkj yh gqbZ èkujkf'k;ksa dk miHkksx iw¡thxr izÑfr (capital nature) osQ O;; dh foÙkh O;oLFkk
osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gS] tSls fd v.kq'kfDr osQ mRiknu osQ fy, la;U=kksa dh LFkkiuk_ fdUrq djksa dh izkfIr;ksa dk
mi;ksx pkyw vFkok jktLo O;; (current or revenue expenditure) dh foÙkh; O;oLFkk osQ fy, fd;k
tkrk gSA Li"V gS fd izFke fdLe os O;; dk izHkko nwljs fdLe osQ O;; osQ izHkkoksa ls fHkUu gksxkA

16-1 lkoZtfud ½.k osQ vU; izHkko (Other Effects of Public Debt)

vc ge bl ckr dk foospu djsaxs fd miHkksx] mRiknu] forj.k rFkk xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k ij ljdkjh Í.k
osQ D;k izHkko iM+rs gSaA lkoZtfud Í.k osQ vU; izHkko dk vè;;u fuEu izdkj fd;k tk ldrk gSµ

(1) miHkksx ij izHkko]
(2) mRiknu ij izHkko]
(3) forj.k ij izHkko]
(4) xSj&ljdkjh {ks=k ij izHkko]
(5) mRiknu ykxr ij izHkko]

(6) jkstxkj ij izHkko]
(7) fofu;ksx ij izHkkoA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
174 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY