Page 249 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—18% lkoZtfud {ks=k dh leL;k;sa ,oa eqís

tk,aA nwljs] ;s ifj;kstuk,a cgqr vf/d iwath&iz/ku rks gSa gh] budh ykxrsa Hkh cgqr Åaph gksrh gS ftUgsa ,d vof/ uksV
osQ Hkhrj olwy fd;k tkuk gksrk gSA rhljh ckr ;g gS fd bu m|ksxksa dh fufof"V;ksa esa] ;k fiQj vFkZO;oLFkk dh
fdlh vU; lEcfU/r {ks=k esa ewY;&o`f¼ gks ldrh gSA bl fLFkfr esa Hkh bu m|ksxksa osQ mRiknuksa dh dherksa esa o`f¼
vko';d Bgj ldrh gSA
ykxr de djus osQ mik;μlkoZtfud m|eksa osQ mRiknksa dh ewY;&o`f¼ dks mfpr Bgjkrs gq, Hkh bl rF; dks
ugha Hkqyk;k tk ldrk fd bu m|eksa esa ykxr ?kVkus vkSj dk;ZoqQ'kyrk lq/kjus osQ iz;Ru Hkh cgqr vko';d gSaA
okLro esa blosQ fcuk rks ewY;&o`f¼ dks mfpr ekuk gh ugha tk ldrkA vxj ;s iz;Ru fd;s fcuk dhersa c<+k;h
tkrh gSa] rks bldk vFkZ gksxk v{kerk dks lgkjk nsukA ykxrsa de djus osQ fy, vusd dne mBk, tk ldrs gSaA
buesa ls lcls vf/d vko';d ckr ;g gS fd bu m|eksa dh {kerk dk Hkjiwj mi;ksx fd;k tk,A bu m|ksxksa esa
vusd cqjkb;ka jgh gSaμtSls eky dh voqQ'ky O;oLFkk] Ø;&foØ; osQ fy, mfpr O;oLFkk dk vHkko] vkfnA csgrj
izcU/ vkSj laxBukRed la;kstuksa }kjk ;s cqjkb;ka nwj dh tk ldrh gSaA gkfu;ksa dk ,d dkj.k ;g Hkh jgk gS fd
ifj;kstuk,a Bhd rjg ls ugha cuk;h x;ha] ftuosQ dkj.k fuekZ.k&dky osQ nkSjku muosQ vkdkj vkSj Lo:i esa
le;≤ ij ifjorZu vko';d gksrs x,A vr% Js"Brj <ax ls ifj;kstuk,a cukdj orZeku ifj;kstukvksa dk
foLrkj djrs le; ;k u;h ifj;kstuk,a LFkkfir djrs le; bl cqjkbZ ls cpk tk ldrk gSA
dher&fu/kZj.k dk vk/kjμifj;kstukvksa dh oqQ'kyrk osQ lkFk rS;kjh] fuekZ.k vkSj lapkyu dh vko';d gksrs
x,A vr% Js"Brj <ax ls ifj;kstuk,a cukdj orZeku ifj;kstukvksa dk foLrkj djrs le; ;k u;h ifj;kstuk,a
LFkkfir djrs le; bl cqjkbZ ls cpk tk ldrk gSA
dher&fu/kZj.k dk vk/kjμifj;kstukvks dh oqQ'kyrk osQ lkFk rS;kjh] fuekZ.k vkSj lapkyu dh leqfpr
O;oLFkk osQ lkFk&lkFk dher&fu/kZj.k dks ykxr ls tksM+uk vko';d gSA bldk ;g vk'k; ugha gS fd izR;sd
fLFkfr esa fcØh&ewY; ykxr osQ cjkcj gksA m|eksa osQ vU; mís';ksa dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, xzkgd ls fy;k x;k
ewY; ykxr ij fu/kZfjr ewY; ls fHkUu gks ldrk gSA tgka ykHksrj dkj.k iz/ku u gksa (;k mRikn dk mís';
fdUgha lkekftd fgrksa dh j{kk u gks) ogka dher ykxr ls Åaph gks ldrh gS] mruh Åaph ftruh fd ekax
osQ lUnHkZ esa lEHko gks ;k ftruh miHkksDrk ;k iz;ksDrk cjnk'r dj losaQA bl lEcU/ esa ewy y{; rks ;gh
gS fd tgka rd gks vf/d&ls&vfèkd dher yh tk,] rkfd m|e ewY;ßkl] C;kt vkfn dh viuh nsunkfj;ka
pqdkus osQ ckn i;kZIr vfèk'ks"k iSnk dj losaQA oqQN ekeyksa esa ^u ykHk u gkfu* dks vk/kj cuk;k tk ldrk
gSA oSls mi;qZDr fl¼kUr dk ikyu iwjh rjg fd;k tkuk pkfg,] rkfd m|e vius lHkh nkf;Ùoksa dk iwjh rjg
fuokZg dj losQA m|e oqQN fxus&pqus ekeyksa esa dhersa ykxr ls de Hkh j[k ldrs gSa vkSj bl rjg mu oLrqvksa
osQ lEcU/ esa lgkf;dh ;k vk£Fkd lgk;rk ns ldrs gSaA ysfdu ,sls ekeyksa esa ;g lqfuf'pr gksuk gh pkfg,
fd ykHk fdUgsa fn;k tkuk gS vkSj ;g fd bl rjg mu m|eksa dks gksus okyh gkfu ykHkkfUor gksus okyksa osQ ykHk
ls vf/d ugha gksA bl rjg Li"V gS fd fcØh&ewY; osQ vk/kj mís';ksa osQ vuq:i fHkUu gks ldrs gSaA bl lUnHkZ
esa lcls iz/ku y{; ;gh jguk pkfg, fd lkoZtfud {ks=k esa gq, fuos'kksa ls oqQy feykdj 'kq¼ izfriQy izkIr
gksA ;g ckr ns'k osQ orZeku pj.k esa rks vkSj Hkh egÙoiw.kZ gS] tgka vf/d&ls&vf/d lkoZtfud fuos'k nzqr
xfr ls fodkl osQ fy, vko';d cu x;k gSA

ljdkj dh uhfr
lkoZtfud {ks=k dh dfe;ksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, ljdkj us b/j dbZ mik; fd;s gSaA buesa fuEu mYys[kuh; gSaA
futhdj.kμfuth {ks=k ls tqM+h izsj.kkvksa dks dkiQh cM+h lhek rd lekos'k djus dk mik; fd;k x;k gSA blosQ fy,
,d rks lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ fy, lqjf{kr 17 m|ksxksa esa ls 9 futh {ks=k osQ fy, [kksy fn, x, gSaA buesa yksgk o bLikr]
ok;q&ifjogu] ukSogu fuekZ.k] fctyh vkfn tSls egÙoiw.kZ m|ksx 'kkfey gSaA nwljs] oqQN m|ksxksa osQ lEcU/ esa iwath osQ
,d Hkkx osQ fofuos'k (disinvestment) osQ }kjk ljdkj us futh {ks=k dks lg&Lokeh ;k Hkkxhnkj cukuk fu'p; fd;k

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