Page 291 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh % eqnzk cktkj ,oa ekSfnzd uhfr

ghukFkZ izcU/u vkSj oLrqvksa dh deh gS tSlk fd orZeku esa Hkkjr esa gS rks fjtoZ cSad osQ mik; fdlh uksV
Hkh izdkj ls izHkko'kkyh fl¼ ugha gks ldrsA
(v) vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd ladV (International Monetary Crisis)—fjtoZ cSad osQ izHkko dks nckus esa
vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd ladV dk Hkh gkFk gSA fo'oO;kih eqnzk&LiQhfr dk Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk ij Hkh izHkko
iM+rk gSA ns'k osQ vk;kr ,oa fu;kZr lcy jk"Vªksa dh eqnzkvksa dh nj eqDr gksus o vjc rsy ladV us Hkkjr
ij izfrowQy izHkko Mkyk gSA
(vi) ns'k esa iw¡th cktkj dk gksuk (Existence of Capital Markets)—ns'k esa iw¡th cktkj dk Hkh ekSfnzd
uhfr dks foiQy djus esa gkFk gSA cgqr&ls lkSns Hkh tks iw¡th cktkj esa mRiUu gksrs gSa] ewY;&Lrj osQ Åij
iwjk ncko Mkyrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ] thou chek fuxe }kjk tks chek&/kjdksa dks dtZ fn;k tkrk gS] og
ewY;&Lrj dks izHkkfor djrk gSA
(vii) dkys /u dk O;kid pyu (Wide Circulation of Black Money)—ekSfnzd uhfr dks viax cukus
okyk ,d izeq[k ?kVd ns'k esa ^lekukUrj vFkZO;oLFkk* dk ik;k tkuk vFkkZr~ dkys /u dk O;kid
izpyu gSA xSj&ljdkjh vuqekuksa ds vuqlkj dkys /u dh ek=kk ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn (GNP) osQ 30 ls
40 izfr'kr osQ cjkcj gSA

(viii) ekSfnzd y{;&fu'p;u dk vHkko (Lack of Monetary Targeting)—eqnzk&iwfrZ] mRiknu ,oa dherksa
osQ chp ,d xgjk lEcU/ gksrk gS fdUrq [ksn dh ckr ;g gS fd fjtoZ cSad vkSj ljdkj nksuksa us bl
lehdj.k dh lnSo mis{kk vkSj mYya?ku fd;k gSA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ij] fiNys nks n'kdksa osQ nkSjku fjtoZ
cSad vkSj eqnzk&iwfrZ (M ) esa ftruh o`f¼ gqbZ gS] og mRiknu&o`f¼ osQ vk/kj ij u gksdj ljdkjh&m/kj
3
dh ek¡x ij vf/d vkfJr jgh gSA
(ix) eqnzk cktkj dk /hek fodkl (Slow Growth of Money Market)—ekSfnzd uhfr ;k ekSfnzd fu;U=k.kksa
dh liQyrk osQoy ,d lqlaxfBr ,oa oqQ'ky eqnzk cktkj ij fuHkZj djrh gSA pw¡fd Hkkjr dk eqnzk cktkj
,oa iw¡th cktkj vkt Hkh vlaxfBr ,oa vdk;Z&oqQ'ky gSa ftlosQ dkj.k ekSfnzd uhfr vizHkkoh cudj
jg x;h gSA
(x) bZ&eqnzk dk mi;ksx (Use of E-Money)—^bZ&eqnzk* dk O;kid iz;ksx osQUnzh; cSad dh eqnzk vFkkZr~ turk
osQ gkFk esa eqnzk uksVksa dk dkiQh lhek rd LFkku ys ldrk gSA pw¡fd fdlh Hkh osQUnzh; cSad osQ cSysUl
'khV (Balance-sheet) esa djsUlh uksV izeq[k Hkkx gksrk gSA vr% ^bZ&eqnzk* osQ izlkj dk vFkZ ;g gksxk fd
cSysUl 'khV dk vkdkj floqQM+ tk;sxk ftlls izHkkoh [kqyk cktkj ifjpkyu djus dh osQUnzh; cSad dh
{kerk de gks tk;sxhA bl fLFkfr esa ^bZ&eqnzk* osQ O;kid iz;ksx ls cSa¯dx iz.kkyh esa tks fo'kky vfrfjDr
vkjf{kr fuf/ tek gks tk;sxh] mls izHkkoghu (LVjykbt) ugha fd;k tk losQxk vkSj og ekSfnzd uhfr
osQ fy, ,d pqukSrh cu ldrh gSA
Hkkjr esa ekSfnzd vf/dkfj;ksa dks ekSfnzd uhfr dk bl izdkj viukus dh vko';drk gS fd ;s fu;U=k.k u rks cgqr
de gksa vkSj u vf/d vkSj u gh mudks ykxw djus esa nsjh gksuh pkfg,A vr% Hkfo"; esa fofHkUu mik;ksa esa
lek;kstu djosQ ,d izHkko'kkyh ekSfnzd uhfr dk fuekZ.k djuk pkfg,A

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- lgh fodYi pqfu, (Choose the correct option)μ
1. vkerkSj ij foÙkh; iz.kyh dks oxhZd`r fd;k tkrk gS&

(d) vkS|ksfxd foÙk esa ([k) d`f"k&foÙk esa
(x) fodkl foÙk esa (?k) mi;qDr lHkhA

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