Page 68 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

Hkkjrh; vkfFkZd uhfr

uksV 10- csjkstxkjh ij izHkko (Impact on Unemployment)μgekjh ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr lkoZtfud O;; ?kVkus
ij tksj nsrh gSA blfy, csjkstxkjh esa LokHkkfod :i ls o`f¼ gksxhA csjkstxkjh dh nj esa o`f¼ tks
1990&91 esa 4% FkhA 1992&93 esa c<+dj 5% gks xbZA 1998&99 esa ;g 6% rd c<+ xbZA ;|fi ubZ
vkfFkZd uhfr fons'kh fuso'k dks c<+kus ij tksj nsrh gS ysfdu ;s cM+ iSekus ds m|ksx gksrs gSa ftuesa iw¡th
izèkku rduhdh dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i T;knk jkstxkj ds volj iSnk ugha gksaxsA
vesfjdk esa ,d iz;ksx ds vuqlkj cgqjk"Vªh; daifu;ksa us 40 yk[k deZpkfj;ksa dks fuekZ.k {ks=k ls ckgj
fudky fn;kA vxj ;gh ckr Hkkjr esa gqbZ rks ;gk¡ Hkkjh csjkstxkjh gksxhA ;g uhfr vliQy lkoZtfud
daifu;ksa dks can dj nsxhA iQyLo:i bu daifu;ksa esa yxs gq, Jfed csjkstxkj gks tk,¡xsA ubZ vkfFkZd
uhfr dh 'kq:vkr ds ckn NVuh (Retrenchment) dh izfØ;k 'kq: gks xbZA ljdkjh foHkkxksa esa ubZ HkfrZ;ksa
ij jksx yxk nh xbZ] ftlds dkj.k ;gk¡ cM+s Lrj ij csjkstxkjh iSQyus yxhA
11- xjhch ij izHkko (Impact on Poverty)μubZ vkfFkZd uhfr xjhch dh leL;k dk lekèkku ugha dj
ldrhA ;g eglwl gksrk gS fd ;g xjhch dh leL;k dks c<+k nsxhA xjhch esa o`f¼ dh otg xjhcksa
ds fy, ykHknk;d ;kstukvksa esa deh] [kk| vkSj Ñf"k mRiknksa ij ls vkfFkZd lgk;rk dks gVkuk gSA
ljdkj us jk'ku dh nqdkuksa ij 'kDdj vkSj diM+ksa vkfn ds ewY; Hkh c<+k fn, gSaA ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr dh
;kstuk lkoZtfud lsokvksa] tSls fo|qr] ;krk;kr vkfn dk futhdj.k djuk Hkh gSA bu lsokvksa dh ykxrsa
xjhcksa ij cqjk izHkko MkysaxhA blfy, ;g mfpr dgk tkrk gS fd ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr cgqjkZ"Vªh; daifu;ksa]
fons'kh fuos'kdksa vkSj mPp fuos'kdksa vkSj mPp oxZ ds yksxksa dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr esa rks lqèkkj yk,xh
ysfdu ;g xjhcksa dks cgqr cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor djsxhA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)—

1. ubZ ----------------- uhfr dk mís'; vf/d izfr;ksxh vkSj csgrj okrkoj.k cukuk gS ftlls vFkZO;oLFkk
esa lqèkkj fd;k tk losQA
2. ------------------ ls fu;ksftr fodklkRed vFkZO;oLFkk viukbZ xbZ gSA
3. fo'o O;kikj laxBu dh LFkkiuk -------------------- esa dh xbZA
4. ------------------- fons'kh O;kikj ,oa futh vkSj laLFkkxr fons'kh fuos'kksa dks c<+krh gSA

5. --------------- us ns'k osQ vanj vkSj ckgj dkiQh ½.k fy;k gSA
6. ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr lkewfgd f'k{kk osQ fodkl ij tksj nsrh gS tks ---------------------- osQ var rd iw.kZ
jkstxkj yk losQA
7. gekjs ------------------ ij ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr dk fey&tqyk izHkko FkkA

4-2 lkjka'k (Summary)

Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk tqykbZ 1991 ls viukbZ xbZ vkfFkZd uhfr ubZ vkfFkZd uhfr ds uke ls tkuh
tkrh gSA Lora=krk ls twu 1991 rd gekjs }kjk viukbZ xbZ vkfFkZd uhfr;k¡ rhoz vkfFkZd o`f¼ ds vius
y{; dks izkIr djus esa liQy ugha jghaA blus gesa vkfFkZd ladV dh vksj] jktdks"kh; ?kkVs] izfrdwy
Hkqxrku larqyu] vl{kerk vkSj yky iQhrk'kkgh dh rjiQ <dsykA
vizSy 1951 ls fu;ksftr fodklkRed vFkZO;oLFkk viukbZ xbZ gSA gekjk eq[; mís'; vfèkd lkekftd
dY;k.k vkSj fiNM+s xjhc yksxksa dks Åij mBkuk FkkA geus lektoknh i¼fr dks viuk;kA bu mís';ksa
dks izkIr djus ds fy, vkfFkZd iz.kkyh dh rjg fefJr vFkZO;oFkk lkeus vkbZA

62 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY