Page 164 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV (1) vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd iz.kkyh esa lq/kjμ;fn ge fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ izfrowQy Hkqxrku&'ks"k dks Bhd djuk
pkgrs gSa rks blosQ fy, ;g vko';d gS fd vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd iz.kkyh esa] fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh leL;kvksa dks n`f"V
esa j[krs gq, lq/kj fd;k tk;A blosQ fy, vUrjkZ"Vªh; rjyrk (International liquidity) esa o`f¼ vko';d gSA
vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dk fopkj gS fd rjyrk esa o`f¼ vUrjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk dks"k }kjk tkjh dh xbZ ,oa Lo.kZ lefFkZr dkxth
eqnzk ls dh tk ldrh gSA ;gka eqnzk dks"k dh cpr dks fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa fofu;ksx djosQ Hkh rjyrk dh leL;k
gy dh tk ldrh gSA
(2) fofue; dh nj fLFkjμoqQN vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa dk er gS fd ;g fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fgr esa gS fd fofue;
dh nj fLFkj j[kuh pkfg,A bu ns'kksa dks izk;% izfrowQy Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA ;fn
vUrjkZ"Vªh; rjyrk dh fLFkfr etcwr gks rks fLFkj fofue; nj osQ vUrxZr ;s ns'k vius fodkl dk;ZØe dks iwjk
dj ldrs gSaA ;fn fofue; nj osQ lek;kstu osQ ekè;e ls bu ns'kksa osQ izfrowQy Hkqxrku&'ks"k dks Bhd djus dk
iz;Ru fd;k x;k rks bl ckr dh vf/d lEHkkouk gS fd bu ns'kksa dh eqnzkvksa osQ fofue; ewY; esa ßkl gks ,oa
Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh leL;k vkSj vf/d xEHkhj gks tk;A
(3) iwath osQ iyk;u ij jksdμ;fn fodkl'khy ns'kksa ls iwath ckgj tkrh gS rks blls Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh fLFkfr
vkSj Hkh dfBu gks tkrh gSA ;fn ns'k esa jktuhfrd vfLFkjrk] ;q¼ ;k v'kkfUr vFkok vlqj{kk dh fLFkfr fo|eku
jgrh gS rks iwath dk cfgxZeu gksus yxrk gSA vr% v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa dks ,slh n'kkvksa dk fuekZ.k djuk pkfg,
fd iwath ns'k osQ ckgj u tkus ik,A
(4) fons'kh fofu;ksxksa dks izksRlkguμfodkl'khy ns'kksa dks bl izdkj dh n'kkvksa dk fuekZ.k djuk pkfg, fd
ns'k esa fons'kh fofu;ksxksa dks izksRlkgu feys rFkk tks ykHk os vftZr djsa] mldk iqu% ns'k esa fons'kh fofu;ksx dj
fn;k tk;A blosQ fy, ljdkj }kjk fofHkUu izdkj dh fj;k;rsa nh tk ldrh gSa fdUrq bl ckr dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg,
fd fons'kh iQeks± dh xfrfof/;ka ns'k osQ izfrowQy u gksaA
(5) tula[;k fu;U=k.kμfodkl'khy ns'kksa dks fons'kksa ls blfy, vf/d vk;kr djuk iM+rk gS D;ksafd tula[;k
o`f¼ osQ dkj.k oLrqvksa osQ fy, budh ekax vf/d gksrh gSA blfy, vk;krksa ij fu;U=k.k djus osQ fy, ;g vko';d
gS fd tula[;k ij fu;U=k.k j[kk tk;A ;g iz'kaluh; gS fd cgqr&ls v¼Z&fodflr ns'k bl vko';drk dks rsth
ls vuqHko dj jgs gSaA
(6) lqjf{kr Hk.Mkj dk fuekZ.kμizks- gSjM us bl lq>ko dk leFkZu fd;k gS fd ,d vUrjkZ"Vªh; dPps eky
dk dks"k vFkok Hk.Mkj dk fuekZ.k bl mís'; ls fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd pØh; mPpkopuksa osQ ckotwn Hkh budh
dherksa dks fLFkj j[kk tk losQA blh izdkj fodkl'khy ns'kksa dks vukt dk lqjf{kr Hk.Mkj j[kuk pkfg, rkfd ladV
osQ le; buosQ vk;krksa osQ fy, Hkkjh ewY; u pqdkuk iM+s ,oa muosQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa ncko iSnk u gksA
(7) cpr ,oa fofu;ksx dks izksRlkguμfodkl'khy ns'kksa dks viuh Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh leL;k dks gy djus osQ
fy, fu;kZrksa esa o`f¼ djuk vko';d gSA ;g mlh le; lEHko gS tc muosQ mRiknu esa o`f¼ gksA mRiknu c<+kus
osQ fy, fofu;ksx ,oa cpr esa o`f¼ gksuk vko';d gSA izn'kZu izHkko osQ dkj.k bu ns'kksa esa cpr ugha gks ikrh gS
vr% bls fuf"Ø; cuk;k tkuk pkfg,A
(8) fu;kZrksa esa fofo/rk ,oa u, cktkjksa dh [kkstμvius fu;kZrksa esa o`f¼ djus osQ fy, fodkl'khy ns'kksa dks
fu;kZr lao¼Zu osQ mik;ksa dks viukuk pkfg, rFkk fu;kZr dh oLrqvksa esa fofo/rk ,oa xq.kkRed lq/kj ykuk pkfg,
rkfd os fo'o cktkj esa izfr;ksfxrk dj losaQA lkFk gh fu;kZr osQ fy, u, cktkjksa dh [kkst dh vko';d gSA blls
muosQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa lq/kj gksxkA
(9) ubZ vUjkZ"Vªh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh LFkkiukμfodkl'khy ns'k bl ckr ij tksj ns jgs gSa fd muosQ fgrksa ,oa
leL;kvksa dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq, ,d ubZ vUrjkZ"Vªh; vFkZO;oLFkk dh LFkkiuk dh tkuh pkfg,A blosQ fy, bu ns'kksa
esa laxBu gksuk vko';d gSA dksyEcks dkWUizsaQl esa ^r`rh; fo'o osQ fy, cSad* dh LFkkiuk dk tks fu.kZ; fd;k x;k]
og mRlkgo¼Zd gSA vejhdh vFkZ'kkL=kh izks- jkWcVZ fVªfiQu us bldk leFkZu fd;k gSA

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