Page 163 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—12% Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa larqyu ,oa vlarqyu

osQ fy, izo`Ùk gksrs gSa rFkk if'peh rM+d&HkM+d dks viukuk pkgrs gSaA vr% ,slh oLrqvksa dk fons'kksa ls vk;kr uksV
fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ vk;kr izo`fÙk esa o`f¼ gksus yxrh gS] tcfd nwljh vksj ;k rks mudh fu;kZr dh ek=kk fLFkj
jgrh gS vFkok mlesa deh gks tkrh gSA blosQ iQyLo:i] fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa vlUrqyu dh fLFkfr
iSnk gks tkrh gSA
(8) vUrjkZ"Vªh; Í.k ,oa fofu;ksxμvius fodkl dk;ZØe dks foÙkh; O;oLFkk osQ fy, cgqr&ls fodkl'khy
ns'k] fodflr ns'kksa ls Hkkjh ek=kk esa Í.k ysrs gSa ftlosQ C;kt ,oa ewy/u dh okilh osQ fy, mUgsa cgqr vfèkd
fons'kh fofue; [kpZ djuk gksrk gS ftlls muosQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa vlUrqyu iSnk gks tkrk gSA nwljh vksj] tks ns'k
Í.k nsrs gSa] mudk Hkqxrku&'ks"k vuqowQy jgrk gS] D;ksafd mUgsa C;kt] vkfn osQ :i esa fons'kh fofue; izkIr gksrk gSA

12-5 fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa vlUrqyu osQ dkj.k (Reasions of
Disequilibrium in Balance of Payments of Developing Nations)

fodk'khy ns'kksa esa Hkqxrku 'ks"k esa vlUrqyu osQ ijEijkxr dkj.kksa osQ vfrfjDr oqQN vU; fo'ks"k dkj.k Hkh gksrs
gSa ftuesa izeq[k gSaμ

(1) izkFkfed mRiknu dh dherksa dh vLFkkbZ izÑfrμfo'o cktkj esa fufeZr oLrqvksa dh rqyuk esa fodkl'khy
ns'kksa dh izkFkfed oLrqvksa dh dherksa esa vfLFkjrk jgrh gSA ;fn ekax esa ifjorZu osQ iQyLo:i bu oLrqvksa dh
dherksa esa mPpkopu gksrs gSa rks fu;kZr oLrqvksa dh iwfrZ ij bldk izHkko iM+rk gSA blosQ iwoZ tc buosQ fu;kZrksa
dh ek=kk vf/d jgrh gS rks ;s ns'k ,d fuf'pr ek=kk esa vk;krksa osQ vknh gks tkrs gSa fdUrq tc fu;kZr de gks
tkrs gSa rks Hkh buosQ vk;kr de ugha gks ikrs] iQyLo:i Hkqxrku&'ks"k izfrowQy gks tkrk gSA

(2) fodflr ns'kksa }kjk fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa fofu;ksx dh dehμfodflr ns'kksa dk Hkqxrku&'ks"k vuqowQy
jgrk gSA ;fn ;s vfrjsd okys ns'k fiNM+s ns'kksa esa iwath dk fofu;ksx djsa rks fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh leL;k gy gks
ldrh gSA mUuhloha lnh esa cgqr&ls v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa dk Hkqxrku&'ks"k fczVsu osQ lkFk blfy, izfrowQy ugha gqvk
D;ksafd fczVsu us bu ns'kksa esa iwath dk fofu;ksx fd;kA

(3) fu;kZrksa osQ fof'k"Vhdj.k esa vUrjμfodkl'khy ns'k eq[; :i ls Ñf"k ,oa [kfut oLrqvksa osQ fu;kZr esa
fof'k"Vhdj.k djrs gSa ftuosQ fy, ekax dh vk; yksp de jgrh gSA blosQ foijhr] fodflr ns'k eq[; :i ls
vkS|ksfxd oLrqvksa osQ fu;kZr esa fof'k"Vhdj.k djrs gSa ftlosQ fy, ekax dh vk; yksp rqyukRed :i ls Åaph jgrh
gS] tSls gh ,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; esa o`f¼ gksrh gS] mldk vkS|ksfxd ,oa fufeZr oLrqvksa ij vkuqikfrd O;;
c<+ tkrk gS rFkk [kk|kUu ij vkuqikfrd O;; ?kV tkrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd fo'o esa vk; o`f¼ osQ lkFk fodflr
ns'kksa osQ fu;kZr esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rFkk mudk Hkqxrku&'ks"k vuqowQy gks tkrk gS] tcfd fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ fu;kZr
de gks tkus ls mudk Hkqxrku&'ks"k izfrowQy gks tkrk gSA
(4) fo'o cktkj esa fodkl'khy ns'kksa dh oLrqvksa osQ foKkiu ,oa izfr"Bk dk vHkkoμfodflr ns'kksa us
foKkiu ,oa foØ; dyk osQ ekè;e ls fo'o cktkj esa viuh oLrqvksa dh izfr"Bk LFkkfir dj yh gS ftlls muosQ
fu;kZrksa esa o`f¼ gqbZ gS] fdUrq fodkl'khy ns'kksa us viuh oLrqvksa dh bl izdkj izflf¼ LFkkfir ugha dh gS] vHkh
Hkh os vius fu;kZrksa osQ fy, fo'o esa cktkjksa dh [kkst esa yxs gq, gSaA iQyLo:i muosQ fu;kZrksa esa okaNuh; o`f¼
ugha gks ikbZ gS ,oa mudk Hkqxrku&'ks"k izfrowQy gSA
mi;qZDr lc dkj.kksa ls ;g Li"V gks tkrk gS fd fodkl'khy ns'kksa dk Hkqxrku&'ks"k izfrowQy D;ksa jgrk gSA

fodkl'khy ns'kksa osQ izfrowQy Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa lq/kj osQ mik;
lkekU; :i ls izfrowQy Hkqxrku&'ks"k dks oSQls Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gS] blosQ fy, geus blh vè;k; osQ fiNys
i`"Bksa esa ekSfnzd rFkk vekSfnzd mik;ksa dk foospu fd;k gSA ;s mik; fodkl'khy ns'kksa ij ykxw fd, tk ldrs gSaA
vkxs ge bu mik;ksa osQ vfrfjDr fodkl'khy ns'kksa dks n`f"V esa j[kdj oqQN fo'ks"k mik;ksa dh ppkZ djsaxsμ

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