Page 314 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV mi;qZDr mís';ksa ls Li"V gS fd ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad dh LFkkiuk ,f'k;kbZ ns'kksa osQ vk£Fkd fodkl dks c<+kok nsus
osQ fy, dh xbZ gSA cSad osQ pkVZj esa Li"V mYys[k gS fd ¶;g cSad ,f'k;k ,oa lqnwj&iwoZ ns'kksa esa ijLij lg;ksx
vkSj fodkl dks ewrZ :i nsxk ,oa fodklksUeq[k lnL; ns'kksa dh lkewfgd ,oa oS;fDrd vk£Fkd fodkl
izfØ;k dks xfr'khy cukus esa ;ksx nsxkA¸ bl cSad osQ mn~?kkVu osQ volj ij tkiku osQ rRdkyhu iz/kueU=kh
us Bhd gh dgk Fkk fd ¶;g cSad bl {ks=k osQ jk"Vªksa dh yEcs le; ls pyh vk jgh vkdka{kkvksa dks lUrq"V djus
dk izrhd gSA blls ,f'k;k esa LokoyEcu rFkk lg;ksx dh Hkkouk vk,xhA¸
lnL;rkμcSad osQ osQoy os gh ns'k lnL; gks ldrs gSa tks (i) ECAFE osQ lnL; rFkk lgk;d lnL;] rFkk (ii)
vU; {ks=kh; ns'k ;k xSj&{ks=kh; fodflr ns'k tks fd la;qDr jk"Vª la?k rFkk mldh fof'k"V ,tsfUl;ksa osQ lnL; gSaA
cSad dh lnL;rk osQoy ,f'k;k egk}hi osQ ns'kksa osQ fy, gh lhfer ugha gS] oju~ ,f'k;k egk}hi osQ ckgj osQ ns'kksa
dks Hkh lnL; cuk;k x;k gS rkfd vf/d lk/u izkIr fd, tk losaQ ,oa fodflr ns'kksa ls lEioZQ cuk jg losQA
bl mís'; ls vejhdk] fczVsu] vkfLVª;k] csfYt;e] dukMk] MsuekoZQ] teZuh] bVyh] LohMu] ukosZ] vkfn ns'kksa dks
Hkh cSad dk lnL; cuk;k x;kA izkjEHk esa cSad osQ lnL; ns'kksa dh la[;k 32 Fkh tks orZeku esa c<+dj 61 gks xbZ
gSA buesa 16 ns'k bl {ks=k ls ckgj osQ fodflr ns'k gSa] 'ks"k ,f'k;k egk}hi osQ ns'k gSaA fdlh Hkh ns'k dks mlh le;
cSad dk lnL; cuk;k tkrk gS tcfd iz'kkldksa dh nks&frgkbZ la[;k tks rhu&pkSFkkbZ erksa dk izfrfuf/Ro djrs gSa]
ml ns'k dks lnL; cukus dk leFkZu djsaA
cSad dk izcU/ (Management of Bank)
cSad osQ izcU/ dk nkf;Ro iz'kkld e.My (Board of Governors) ij jgrk gSA izR;sd lnL; ns'k }kjk cSad esa
nks izfrfuf/ Hksts tkrs gSa ftuesa ls ,d dks iz'kkld rFkk nwljs dks oSdfYid xouZj dgk tkrk gSA bl rjg ls Hksts
x, lHkh izfrfuf/ iz'kkld e.My dk xBu djrs gSaA bl iz'kkld e.My }kjk 12 lapkydksa dk pquko fd;k tkrk
gS ftUgsa feykdj lapkyd e.My (Board of Directors) curk gSA iz'kkld e.My }kjk gh cSad dk vè;{k (12
osQ vykok) pquk tkrk gSA vè;{k] ,f'k;kbZ jk"Vªksa dk gh O;fDr gks ldrk gSA oqQy 12 lapkydksa esa ls 8 lapkyd
bdkisQ {ks=k osQ gksrs gSaA buesa ls izR;sd dk dk;Zdky nks o"kZ dk gksrk gS] tcfd vè;{k dh fu;qfDr 5 o"kZ osQ fy,
dh tkrh gSA vè;{k dh vuqifLFkfr esa mikè;{k dk;Z laHkkyrk gSA

oqQN ekeyksa dks NksM+dj ftudk izko/ku pkVZj esa gS vU; lHkh ckrksa ij cgqer }kjk fu.kZ; fy, tkrs gSaA tgka
rd erkf/dkj dk iz'u gS] oqQy erksa osQ 20 izfr'kr er lnL; ns'kksa esa leku :i ls caVs gq, gSa vkSj 'ks"k 80
izfr'kr er lnL; ns'kksa osQ va'kksa osQ vk/kj ij caVs gq, gSaA
orZeku le; esa cSad osQ foÙkh; Ïksrksa esa nks izdkj osQ lalk/u lfEefyr gSaμ
(i) lk/kj.k iw¡th lalk/u (Ordinary Capital Resources–OCR)μblesa lnL;ksa ls izkIr vfHknÙk iw¡th]
cSad dks ½.k ls izkIr jkf'k] dtZ dh vnk;xh vkSj mlls izkIr vk; dh jkf'k rFkk vU; izkfIr;ka 'kkfey
jgrh gSa tks fo'ks"k dks"k esa 'kkfey ugha gksrhaA
(ii) fo'ks"k dks"k lalk/u (Special Fund Resources–SFR)μbuesa rqyukRed :i ls fodflr ns'kksa dk

;ksxnku 'kkfey gksrk gSA blesa fo'ks"k dks"k fofu;ksx ls izkIr vk; rFkk OCR ls fo'ks"k :i ls izkIr dks"k
Hkh 'kkfey jgrs gSaA bu dks"kksa dk iz;ksx fj;k;rh ½.k (Concessional Loan) nsus gsrq fd;k tkrk gSA
orZeku esa nks fo'ks"k dks"k gSaμ,f'k;kbZ fodkl dks"k (Asian Development Fund–ADF) ,oa
rduhdh lgk;rk fo'ks"k dks"k (Technical Assistance Special Fund–TASF)A
cSad dh dk;Z iz.kkyh (Working System of Bank)

1- ½.k iznku djukμ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad dh dk;Ziz.kkyh dk izeq[k vax ½.k lqfo/k iznku djuk gSA cSad ½.k
izfØ;k osQ nks Hkkx gSaμlk/kj.k izfØ;k ,oa fo'ks"k izfØ;kA lk/kj.k izfØ;k osQ vUrxZr ½.k cSad osQ lk/kj.k iw¡thxr

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