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bdkbZ—3% Lora=k O;kikj fl¼kar % fujis{k ykHk] rqyukRed ykHk---
esa nksuksa oLrqvksa dk fuEu fofue; vuqikr gksxkμ uksV
Hkkjr esa → 1 bdkbZ twV ¾ 1 bdkbZ pkoy
cekZ esa → 1 bdkbZ twV ¾ 2 bdkbZ pkoy
ijUrq ;fn nksuksa ns'kksa esa O;kikj gksrk gS rks mlls nksuksa ns'k ykHkkfUor gksaxsA Hkkjr twV osQ mRiknu esa fof'k"Vhdj.k
djs rFkk cekZ pkoy osQ mRiknu esa fof'k"Vhdj.k djs rks nksuksa ns'k O;kikj ls ykHk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA ge ;g
ekudj pysa fd ifjogu ykxr ugha yxrh rks Hkkjr 1 bdkbZ twV osQ cnys cekZ ls 2 bdkbZ pkoy izkIr dj
ldrk gS (D;ksafd cekZ esa twV vkSj pkoy dk fofue; vuqikr 4-8 gS) tcfd Hkkjr vius ns'k esa ,d bdkbZ
twV osQ cnys osQoy 1 bdkbZ pkoy gh izkIr dj ldrk gSA blh izdkj cekZ ,d bdkbZ pkoy osQ cnys Hkkjr
ls 1 bdkbZ twV izkIr dj ldrk gSA (D;ksafd Hkkjr esa twV vkSj pkoy dk fofue; vuqikr 10 % 10 gS) tcfd
cekZ vius ns'k esa ,d bdkbZ pkoy osQ cny osQoy vk/k bdkbZ twV izkIr dj ldrk gSA ifjogu ykxr gksus
ij Hkh tc rd Hkkjr ,d bdkbZ twV osQ cnys pkoy dh ,d ls vf/d bdkbZ izkIr dj ldrk gSμ,oa cekZ
,d bdkbZ pkoy osQ cnys twV dh vk/s ls vf/d bdkbZ izkIr dj ldrk gS rks nksuksa ns'kksa esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj
gksxk ,oa nksuksa dks ykHk gksxkA ;g nksuksa osQ fgr esa gksxk fd Hkkjr osQoy twV dk mRiknu djs rFkk mlosQ cnys
cekZ ls pkoy dk vk;kr djs rFkk cekZ osQoy pkoy dk mRiknu djs rFkk mlosQ cnys Hkkjr ls twV dk vk;kr
djsA
mDr fof'k"Vhdj.k ls fdl izdkj oqQy mRiknu esa o`f¼ gksrh gS ;g Hkh Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(i) ;fn nksuksa ns'kksa esa fof'k"Vhdj.k vkSj O;kikj u gks rks oqQy mRiknu bl izdkj gksxkμ
Hkkjr ¾ 10 bdkbZ twV $ 10 bdkbZ pkoy
cekZ ¾ 4 bdkbZ twV $ 8 bdkbZ pkoy
oqQy mRiknu ¾ 14 bdkbZ twV $ 18 bdkbZ pkoy
(ii) ;fn fof'k"Vhdj.k viukdj Hkkjr osQoy twV ,oa cekZ osQoy pkoy dk mRiknu djs rksμ
Hkkjr ¾ 20 bdkbZ twV
cekZ ¾ 16 bdkbZ pkoy
oqQy mRiknu ¾ 20 bdkbZ twV $ 16 bdkbZ pkoy
bl izdkj fof'k"Vhdj.k ls twV dh 6 bdkbZ vf/d dk mRiknu gqvk ;|fi pkoy esa 2 bdkb;ksa dh deh gqbZ]
fdUrq bl gkfu dh rqyuk esa twV dk mRiknu cgqr vf/d gS vr% oqQy feykdj mRiknu vf/d gqvkA
js[kkfp=k }kjk Li"Vhdj.kμykxrksa esa rqyukRed vUrj dks vxz js[kkfp=k 1 }kjk Hkh Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA
js[kkfp=k 3-1 esa AB Hkkjr dh lhek js[kk gS rFkk AC cekZ dh mRiknu lhek js[kk gS tks bl vk/kj ij [khaph
x;h gS fd Hkkjr esa twV vkSj pkoy dk fofue; vuqikr Y
1 % 1 gS rFkk cekZ esa ;gh fofue; vuqikr 1 % 2 gSA bu A
5
nksuksa ns'kksa esa O;kikj gksus ls vfrjsd ykHk BC izkIr gksxk
4
rFkk fofue; nj B o C osQ chp dgha Hkh fu/kZfjr gksxhA
twV
;g è;ku jgs fd mRiknu lhek js[kk fLFkj ykxr osQ vUrxZr 3
[khaph x;h gSA 2 Hkkjr cekZ
fdlh oLrq dk vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj gksus dk vk/kj osQoy 1
B C
bruk gh ugha gS fd mldh mRiknu ykxr U;wure gSA ,d
O X
12 3 4 56 7 89 10
ns'k Hkys gh lkjh oLrqvksa dks de ykxr ij iSnk dj ldrk
pkoy
gS fdUrq mlosQ fy, ;g ykHknk;d gksxk fd og osQoy oqQN
fp=k 3-1
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