Page 224 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV 214 − 240 26
= =− = – .65
220 − 180 40
b dk eku lehdj.k (i) esa j[kus ij
a = 8 – (– .65 × 6)
= 8 + 3.9 = 11.9

;gh ewY; izlkekU; lehdj.k dh lgk;rk ls Kkr fd, x, FksA
;fn Js.kh esa vadxf.krh; ekè; ls fopyu Kkr fd, x, gSa rks a rFkk b dk ewY; fuEu izdkj Kkr fd;k tk,xkμ
a = y − bx ...(i)
Σxy
b = ...(ii)
Σx 2

;gk¡ x = (X − X )
y = (Y − Y )

vuqeku dh izeki =kqfVμizrhixeu js[kkvksa ls ,d Js.kh osQ fy, fn, gq, pj&ewY; ls lEc¼ nwljh vkfJr
Js.kh osQ pj&ewY; dk loksZi;qDr vuqeku yxk;k tkrk gSA ;g Kkr djus osQ fy, fd gekjk vuqeku ;FkkZFkrk
osQ ftruk fudV gS] vuqeku dh izeki =kqfV fudkyuh vko';d gksrh gSA
nwljs 'kCnksa esa] vkfJr Js.kh osQ okLrfod ewY;ksa vkSj laxf.kr ;k izo`fÙk&ewY;ksa osQ fopyuksa dk vkSlr eki gh
vuqeku dh izeki =kqfV gSA ;g vLi"V fopj.k ekikad dk oxZewy gksrk gSA vUrj osQoy brukgS fd blesa
okLrfod ewY;ksa osQ laxf.kr izo`fÙk ewY;ksa ls fopyu fy, tkrs gSa] lekurj ekè; ls ughaA
nksuksa izrhixeu js[kkvksa osQ vuqikr dh izeki =kqfV;k¡ fuEufyf[kr lw=kksa }kjk fudkyh tk;saxhμ
(x − x ) 2
x dk y ij S = Σ c
xy N
Σ(y − y ) 2
y dk x ij S = c
yx N

;fn lg&lEcU/ xq.kkad fn;k gks rks izeki =kqfV fudkyus esa bl lw=k dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSμ
Σxy = σ x 1 − r 2 Σyx = σ y 1 − r 2

x.kuk dh n`f"V ls ;g lw=k ljy ugha gS D;ksafd muosQ fy, x vkSj y osQ laxf.kr ewY; x vkSj y ;k ox o oy
c
c
Kkr djus iM+rs gSaA vuqeku osQ izeki foHkze lw=kksa ls Hkh izR;{k :i ls vkdfyr fd;s tk ldrs gSaμ
Σ a x −
Σ 2 Σx − b xy
x dk y ij S = N
xy
Σ 2 Σy − b xy
Σ a y −
y dk xy ij S = N
yx
mgkgj.k (Illustration) 9: fuEu vk¡dM+ksa ls nksuksa jhfr;ksa }kjk izrhixeu js[kkvksa osQ vuqeku dh izeki =kqfV;k¡ Kkr
dhft,μ
x : 1 2 3 4 5
y : 2 5 3 8 7

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