Page 302 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV 21-1 thou&fuokZg&O;; lwpdkad ;k miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad (Cost of living Index
Number or Consumber’s Price Index Number)

fuokZg O;; lwpdkad dks thou&fuokZg lwpdkad vFkok miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad vFkok iwQVdj ewY; lwpdkad
(Retail Price Index Numbers) vFkok thou&fuokZg ykxr lwpdkad (Cost of Living Price Index Num-

bers) vFkok thou;kiu lwpdkad (Price of Living Index Numbers) dgk tkrk gSA
fdlh LFkku fo'ks"k ls lEcfUèkr fdlh oxZ fo'ks"k osQ miHkksDrkvksa ij ewY; ifjorZuksa osQ izHkko vFkok jgu&lgu
osQ O;; esa gksus okys vUrj dk eki djus osQ fy, tks lwpdkad cuk;s tkrs gSa mUgsa fuokZg&O;; lwpdkad
dgrs gSaA
vko';drk ,oa mís';μlkekU; ewY; lwpdkad osQoy lkekU; ewY;&Lrj esa gksus okys fopj.kksa dh eki djrs
gSa vkSj yksxksa osQ thou&fuokZg ij ewY;ksa osQ fopj.kksa dk izHkko ugha n'kkZrs gSaA vr% fofHkUu oxks± osQ O;fDr;ksa
osQ thou&fuokZg ij fofoèk oLrqvksa osQ ewY;ksa esa gksus okyh o`f¼ ;k deh osQ izHkkoksa dk vè;;u djus osQ fy,
i`Fko~Q lwpdkadksa dk fuekZ.k djuk t:jh gksrk gSA ;s lwpdkad oxZ fo'ks"k osQ O;fDr;ksa }kjk miHkksx dh tkus okyh
oLrqvksa osQ ^iqQVdj ewY;ksa* esa gksus okys cnyko o muosQ izHkko osQ vè;;u osQ mís'; ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA blosQ
}kjk ;g Kkr djrs gSa fd oxZ fo'ks"k osQ miHkksDrkvksa dks oLrqvksa ,oa lsokvksa dh ,d fuf'pr ek=kk [kjhnus osQ
fy, vkèkkj vofèk dh rqyuk esa nh gqbZ vofèk esa fdruk vfèkd ;k fdruk de Hkqxrku djuk iM+rk gSA
(v) mi;ksfxrk (Utility)μfofHkUu n`f"Vdks.kksa ls thou&fuokZg&O;; funsZ'kkad dk miHkksDrk ewY; lwpdkad
cgqr gh mi;ksxh gksrk gSA bldh mi;ksfxrk fuEu izdkj gSμ
(1) O;; osQ ifjorZu dh ek=kk dk vuqekuμbldh lgk;rk ls ml oxZ osQ O;fDr;ksa osQ jgu&lgu osQ
O;; esa ifjorZu dh ek=kk dk vuqeku fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(2) ewY;ksa ij fu;U=k.kμO;; esa ifjorZu dk vuqeku gksus ij vko';drk osQ vuqlkj ewY;ksa dks fu;fU=kr
fd;k tk ldrk gS vFkkZr~ ;fn vf/d gS rks de fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj ;fn de gS rks c<+k;k tk
ldrk gSμ
(3) egaxkbZ&HkÙkk] U;wure osru] vkfn dk fu'p; djukμthou&fuokZg&O;; osQ ifjorZu dk vuqeku
djosQ egaxkbZ&HkÙkk ;k U;wure osru] vkfn dk fu'p; fd;k tk ldrk gaSA
(4) jk'k¯ux O;oLFkk pykukμblh osQ vk/kj ij jk'k¯ux O;oLFkk pkyw dh tk ldrh gS vkSj mfpr ewY;ksa
dh nqdkusa [kksyh tk ldrh gSaA
(c) ekU;rk,¡ (Assumptions)μthou&fuokZg&O;; funsZ'kkad oqQN ekU;rkvksa ij vk/kfjr gksrs gSa tks fuEu
izdkj gSaμ
(1) vko';drk,¡ lekuμloZizFke ekU;rk ;g gS fd ftl oxZ dk funsZ'kkad cuk;k tk jgk gS mldh
vko';drk,a leku gSaA vxj ;g ekudj u pyk tk;s rks fiQj izR;sd ifjokj vkSj fiQj izR;sd O;fDr
osQ thou&fuokZg&O;; funsZ'kkad vyx&vyx cusaxsA

(2) oLrq,¡ lekuμmiHkksx dh tkus okyh oLrq,a Hkh vk/kj o"kZ o pkyw o"kZ esa leku gSaA
(3) oLrqvksa dh leku ek=kkμlkekU;r% ;g ekU;rk ysdj Hkh pyuk iM+rk gS fd vk/kj o"kZ vkSj pkyw o"kZ
esa miHkksx dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa dh ek=kk esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gqvk gSA
(4) fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij ,d gh Hkkoμ;fn funsZ'kkad fofHkuu LFkkuksa osQ fy, gSa rks ;g ekU;rk gS fd lHkh
LFkkuksa ij yxHkx ogh Hkko gSa vkSj muesa dksbZ mYys[kuh; vUrj ugha gqvk gSA
(5) vkSlr :i ls lR;μfunsZ'kkad izR;d O;fDr ;k ifjokj osQ fy, iw.kZ :i ls lR; ugha gksrs cfYd vkSlr
:i ls lR; gksrs gSaA

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