Page 10 - DEDU401_PHILOSOPHICAL_AND_SOCIOLOGICAL_FOUNDATIONS_OF_EDUCATION_PUNJABI

f;Zfynk d/ dkoPfBe ns/ ;wkfie nXko

B'N gZSwh irs d/ gqfeoshtkdh dkoPfBe th G"fse ;[yK dh gqkgsh eoB d/ g?y ftZu jB. T[jBK
dh fdqPNh s'A fJj sK jh ;zGt j? id'A wB[Zy nkgD/ nzdo{Bh ns/ pkjoh tksktoD ftZu ;wkBsk
;Ekfgs eoB. jopoN ;g/A;o d/ nB[;ko^

f;Zfynk dk noE nzdo{Bh PeshnK dk pkjoh ihtB Bkb ;wkBsk ;Ekfgs eoBk j?.
(Education means establishment of coordination between the inherent powers and the outer
life. -Herber Spencer)

gZSwh dkoPfBeK ftZu j[D nfij/ dkoPfBeK dk pj[sks j? fijV/ wB[Zy d/ ihtB B{z T[;h o{g
ftZu d/yd/ jB fi; o{g ftZu T[j fdykJh fdzdk j?. gq:'iBtkdh wB[Zy B{z ;wkfie gqkDh wzBd/
jB ns/ fJj wzBd/ jB fe f;Zfynk d/ d[nkok wB[Zy ftZu toswkB ;wki ftZu nB[e{bB eoB
ns/ GftZy d/ ;wki dk fBowkD eoB dh ;woZEk dk ftek; eoBk ukjhdk j?. gq:'iBtkdh
dkoPfBe i'B vhth d/ PpdK ftZu^

f;Zfynk ftnesh dhnK T[jBK ;kohnK :'rsktK dk ftek; j? fijVhnK T[; ftZu tksktoD
T[Zgo fB:zsoD oZyD ns/ nkgDhnK ;zGktBktK B{z g{ok eoB dh :'rsk gqdkB eo/.

(Education is the development of all those capacities in the individual which will enable
him to control his environment and fulfil his possibilities. -John Dewey)

f;Zfynk dh ;wkiPk;soh XkoDk

;wkiPk;sohnK dk ftuko e/Ado ;wki j[zdk j?. T[j ftneshrs B{z T[; d/ ;wki d/ ;zdoG
ftZu gfogq/y ftZu jh d/yd/^;wMd/ jB. f;Zfynk B{z fJj ftneshrs ns/ ;wki d/ ftek; dk
;kXB wzBd/ jB. fJjBK B/ f;Zfynk gqfefonk dh gqfeosh d/ ftP/ ftZu fBwB fbys sZE
T[ikro ehs/ jB^

1H f;Zfynk ;wkfie gqfefonk j?^;wkiPk;sohnK B/ ;gPN ehsk fe id'A d'A iK d'A s'A tZX
ftneshnK d/ ftZu ;wkfie nzso^fefonk j[zdh j? sK T[j fJZe^d{i/ dh GkPk, ftuko
ns/ nkuoD s'A gqGkfts j[zd/ jBl fJ; gqGkfts j'D dh gqfefonk B{z f;ZyDk efjzd/ jB
ns/ id'A ekoi e[ZM fBPfus T[d/PK B{z ;kjwD/ oZy e/ ehsk iKdk j? sK T[;B{z f;Zfynk
efjzd/ jB. n;hA ikDd/ jK fe wB[Zy PeshnK b? e/ g?dk j[zdk j?, gqfeosh ns/
;wkfie tksktoD ftZu T[; dhnK fJjBK PeshnK dk ftek; j[zdk j? ns/ fJ; d/ Bshi/
ti'A jh wB[Zy d/ fttjko ftZu gfotosB j[zdk j?. T[dkjoD d/ bJh X[DhnK B{z T[ukfos
eoB dk szso wB[Zy B{z iBw s'A gqkgs j[zdk j?, gozs{ fJ; szso Bkb GkPk T[j T[jBK jh
b'eK dh f;Zydk j? fiBQK d/ ;zgoe ftZu nkT[Adk j? ns/ fijBK Bkb ftukoK dk ndkB^
gqdkB eodk j?. wB[Zy dh g{o ;ZfGnsk ns/ ;z;fes dk ftek; ;wkfie gqfefonk dk
jh Bshik j?. jK, fJj rZb io{o j? fe eowfJzdohnK ns/ frnkBfJzdohnK d/ ftek;
ns/ GkPk ftnkB j'D d/ pknd wB[Zy ;[szso o{g s'A th ntb'eB, gqhyD, fuzsB ns/
wBB eodk j? ns/ fJ; soQK th f;Zydk j?, gozs{ fJ; d/ bJh io{oh eowfJzdohnK ns/
frnkBfJzdohnK dk ftek;, GkPk frnkB ns/ ftuko Pesh dk ftek; ;wkfie
tksktoD ftZu jh j[zdk j?. ;wki dh xkN ftZu Bk sK n;hA GkPk f;Zy ;ed/ jK ns/
Bk ftuko eoBk f;Zy ;ed/ jK. pZu/ nkgD/ ukoK gkf;nK dhnK t;s{nK, GkPk ns/
fefonktK dk frnkB ;wki ftZu ofj e/ jh gqkgs eod/ jB. ;wkiPk;sohnK B/ fJj
th ;gPN ehsk fe f;Zfynk ;wki d/ T[d/PK ns/ NhfunK dh gqkgsh dk ;kXB j[zdh j?.
fit/A ;wkij[zdk j? ns/ fi; soQK dhnK T[;dhnK neKfynktK j[zdhnK jB T[;h soQK jh
T[; dh f;Zfynk j[zdh j?. ;ZukJh fJj j? fe f;Zfynk ;wki d/ G{s, toswkB ns/
GftZy, fszBK Bkb ;zpzXs j[zdh j?l fJ; d/ d[nkok ;wki d/ G{s dk frnkB, toswkB
dhnK io{osK dh g{osh ns/ GftZy dk fBowkD ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; fdqPNh Bkb th
f;Zfynk ;wkfie gqfefonk j[zdh j?.
2H f;Zfynk fBozso gqfefonk j?^f;Zfynk d/ ftP/ ftZu ;wkiPk;sohnK B{z d{ik sZE fJj
T[ikro ehsk j? fe f;Zfynk fBozso uZbdh j?. wB[Zy d/ iBw d/ e[ZM fdB pknd s'A

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