Page 292 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_ENGLISH

Guidance and counseling

Notes • The pupil data questionnaires consist of items regarding the student’s home, family, health,
educational and vocational plans, out-of-school and in-school activitics, study habits, etc.
• Sociometric techniques measure the inter-personal preferences among the members of a group
in reference to a criterion. The purpose of this technique is to measure each individual’s social
worth or personal value as viewed by his peers.
• Case histories conventionally cover areas, such as:
1. Identifying information —name, age, sex, etc.
2. Educational information—level of education, scholastic record, subject least liked and most
liked, present educational status and future plans.
3. Personal data—general health history, family background, socio-economic data, personal
psychological relations, social psychological relations, aspirations and the like.
4. Vocational information—jobs held, if any, choice of vocation, parental occupation and the
like.
• Interest is a behaviour orientation towards certain objects, activities or experiences. It is an
expression of our likes and dislikes, or our attractions and aversions. An individual chooses
the most acceptable, suitable alternative out of many, go after preferred objectives, activities
etc.
• Interest testing is done to achieve some purpose i.e.
(i) To provide teachers and counsellors with information regarding the students preference
and aversions which will help them acquire better understanding of students and their
problems.
(ii) To help the tests to identify and clarify their interests in terms of the demands of varied
courses and careers and choose work and experiences consistent with their interests.
• A questionnaire is a list of questions to be answered by an individual or a group individuals,
especially to get facts or information. It should be elaborated to match with other techniques.
Questions are designed to get information about conditions and practices about which the
respondent (s) are presumed to have the knowledge.
• The close type questionnaire can be easily scored, interpreted and is more objective
(i) Closed-ended Questions
(ii) Open-ended Questions
• Observation; Sociometry; Autobiography; Rating Scales; Anecdotal Record

26.4 Keywords

Psychological test : An examination connected with a person’s mind and the way in which it
works.
Linguistic : Connected with language or the scientific study of language.
Aptitude : Natural ability or skill at doing something.

26.5 Review Questions

1. Describe the different types of intelligence tests.
2. What is aptitude test ? Which cautions are used in aptitude test data
3. What is achievement test ? Give the types of achievement test.
4. Explain different non testing techniques.
5. Explain the term “Psychodiagnosis”.

286 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY