Page 311 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_ENGLISH

Unit 29: Observation

• There is no reporting bias, and potential bias caused by the interviewer and the interviewing Notes
process is eliminated or reduced.
• Certain types of data can be collected only by observation.
• The reasons for the observed behavior may not be determined since little is known about the
underlying motives, beliefs, attitudes, and preferences.

• Selective perception (bias in the researcher’s perception) can bias the data.

29.8 Keywords
Observations : The act of watching somebody/something carefully for a period of time.
Participant : A person who is taking part in an activity or event

Controlled : done or arranged in a very careful way

29.9 Review Questions
1. What do you understand by “observation” ?
2. What are the reasons for observe ?

3. Explain the characteristics of observation ?
4. Give the types of observation.
5. What is direct observation ?
6. Explain the steps of observation.
7. What are the observation methods ?
Answers : Self Assessment
1. (i) Controlled observation (ii) Participant
(iii) Direct observation

2. (i) T (ii) F (iii) T (iv) F
29.10 Further Readings

1. Guidance & Counseling: S. Nageshwara Rao, Discovery Publishing House
2. Guidance & Counselince: B.G. Barki, B.Kukh, Opadhyay, Sterling Publishers Pvt.
Ltd.
3. Guidance & Counseling : Suzanne E. Wade. Pam Schuctz, Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates.

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