Page 91 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_HINDI

bdkbZ—6% 'kSf{kd ,oa O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku

(n) mRiknd voLFkk (Productive Stage)μmRiknd voLFkk dh vofèk 25 ls 40 o"kZ gSA bl voLFkk esa uksV
O;fDr viuh dk;ZoqQ'kyrk (Efficiency) osQ f'k[kj ij igq¡prk gSA O;fDr viuh mRikndrk dks 40 ls
70 o"kZ dh vk;q rd cuk, j[kus dk iz;Ru djrk gSA blh vofèk esa O;fDr vius O;olk; esa izfr"Bk izkIr
djus osQ iz;kl esa jgrk gSA
(7) lajpukRed fl¼kUr (Structural Theory)μbl fl¼kUr dk vkèkkj ;g fopkj gS fd dksbZ Hkh O;fDr
fdlh fof'k"V O;olk; esa D;ksa yx tkrk gSA vFkkZr O;kolkf;d p;u osQ ihNs ,sls dkSu ls O;fDrxr xq.k ;k
fo'ks"krk,¡ gksrh gSa tks fdlh O;fDr dks ,d fo'ks"k O;olk; osQ p;u osQ fy, izsfjr djrh gSaA ,suh jks (Anne
Roe) osQ erkuqlkj] ckY;koLFkk osQ vuqHkoksa dk lEcUèk bPNkvksa ,oa vko';drkvksa ls tqM+s gksrs gSaA bu
vko';drkvksa vkSj bPNkvksa dh iw£r ckY;koLFkk esa gh gksus ls O;fDr dks O;olk;&p;u osQ fy, vfHkizsj.kk
(Motivation) feyrh gSA jks osQ vuqlkj gh O;fDr dh ;ksX;rk vkSj dk;ZoqQ'kyrk osQ fuèkkZj.k esa mlosQ ckY;dky
(Childhood) dh ckSf¼d ;ksX;rk (Intellectual Ability) rFkk ifjokj dh lkekftd vk£Fkd fLFkfr cgqr
egRoiw.kZ gksrh gSA la{ksi esa ;g dg ldrs gSaA O;olkf;d p;uksa essa O;fDr dh ckY;koLFkk ls tqM+s lajpukRed
dkj.kksa (Structural Causes) dh Hkwfedk gksrh gSA
O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku dh izfØ;k (Process of Vocational Guidance)

funsZ'ku iznkrk dks] O;kolkf;d funsZ'ku iznku djrs le; nks ckrksa ij è;ku j[kuk gksrk gSμ
(1) O;olk; gsrq okaNuh; ;ksX;rkvksa dh lwphμ fdlh O;olk; gsrq fdl Lrj dk LokLF; gksuk vko';d gS\
fdruh ,oa fdl Lrj dh cqf¼ yfCèk gksuh pkfg,\ O;fDr esa fdl izdkj dh {kerk,¡] :fp;k¡ ,oa vfHk:fp;k¡
gksuh pkfg,\ fdl Lrj dh f'k{kk gksuh pkfg,\ fdrus le; dk vuqHko vko';d gS\ bR;kfnA
(2) O;fDr O;olk; gsrq fdruk mi;qDr ,oa vuqowQy gS\μ O;olk; dk vè;;u djus gsrq iwoZ esa gh ,d
lwph rS;kj dj yh tkrh gS fd ml O;olk; gsrq fdl Lrj dh cqf¼] LokLF;] f'k{kk ,oa vuqHko dh vko';drk
gS\ izR;sd funsZ'ku iznkrk dks] lHkh O;olk;ksa ls lEcfUèkr bl izdkj dh lwpukvksa dks rS;kj djosQ vius ikl j[kuk
pkfg,A
ysfdu O;fDr dk vè;;u fdl izdkj fd;k tk,\ ;g ,d vR;Ur dfBu iz'u gSA O;fDr dk vè;;u djus gsrq
fuEufyf[kr i¼fr;ksa vFkok fofèk;ksa dks iz;qDr fd;k tk ldrk gSμ

(1) izkFkfed lk{kkRdkj]
(2) ckSf¼d Lrj dk ekiu]
(3) :fp dk ekiu]
(4) O;fDrRo ekiu] rFkk
(5) vfUre lk{kkRdkjA
(1) izkFkfed lk{kkRdkjμlcls igys funsZ'ku iznkrk dks Nk=k dk izkFkfed lk{kkRdkj ysuk pkfg,A izkFkfed
lk{kkRdkj osQ ekè;e ls Nk=k osQ vk£Fkd ,oa lkekftd ifjos'k dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr]
funsZ'ku iznkrk] Nk=k osQ LokLF;] Loj] lquus dh 'kfDr us=kT;ksfr] Nk=k osQ cká lEcUèkksa osQ ckjs esa Hkh
tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA ;g fooj.k fuEu izdkj gS%μ

1- Nk=k dk uke]
2- Nk=k dh tUefrfFk ,oa vk;q]
3- ekrk rFkk firk dk uke] èkeZ] tkfr rFkk O;olk;]
4- vU; HkkbZ&cfguksa dh la[;k rFkk ml ckyd dk HkkbZ&cfguksa esa dkSu&lk LFkku gS\
5- ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa dh f'k{kk]

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