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bdkbZ—8% laxBu % izfozQ;k ,oa vFkZ
ijEijkxr dk;Z&osQfUnzr fl¼kUr osQ fojksèk esa bl fl¼kUr dk izfriknu fd;k x;k gSA ijEijkxr f'k{k.k rFkk uksV
izf'k{k.k O;oLFkk osQ }kjk Nk=kksa dh ekufld {kerkvksa dk fodkl leku Lrj ij gh fd;k tk ldrk gS ijUrq
bl fl¼kar osQ vuqlkj f'k{k.k rFkk izf'k{k.k O;oLFkk bl izdkj dh tkrh gS tks Nk=kksa dh vk;q izoh.krk
vfHk#fp;ksa] vfHko`fÙk;ksa rFkk ;ksX;rk osQ vuq:i gksrh gS vkSj Nk=kksa dk fodkl cgqeq[kh gksrk gSA bl izdkj dh
O;oLFkk esa f'k{kd dk mÙkjnkf;Ro ,d funsZ'kd rFkk ijke'kZnkrk osQ :i esa gksrk gSA mldk dÙkZO; Nk=kksa dks
fozQ;k'khy j[kus osQ fy;s volj nsuk RkFkk izksRlkfgr djuk gSA bl f'k{k.k O;oLFkk osQ vk;ke esa ,slh fofèk;ksa
dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa Nk=kksa dks vfèkd dk;Z djuk iM+rk gSA lkewfgd f'k{k.k rFkk lh[kus dh lgk;d
lkexzh dks vfèkd iz;ksx djus osQ fy;s c<+kok fn;k tkrk gSA lh[kus esa O;ogkj&foKku osQ fl¼kUrksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA lh[kus dh ikB~;oLrq dh O;oLFkk bl izdkj dh tkrh gS fd lh[kuk #fpdj gks] izsj.kknk;d
gks rFkk vUrr% liQyrk izkIr gks losQA blesa jVus ij de ls de cy fn;k gSA lkFkZd&vfèkxe dks vfèkd
egRo fn;k tkrk gSA vfèkxe esa lkFkZd&dk;ks± dks gh izèkkurk nh tkrh gSA tSls [ksy&owQn] izkstsDV dk dk;Z]
[kkst vkfnA
ijEijkxr rFkk ekuo lEcUèk O;oLFkk osQ fl¼kUr fojksèkh fopkjèkkjk ij vkèkkfjr ,d vU; fl¼kUr gS] tks
bu nksuksa dk leUo; gS vkSj ekuo dh izo`Qfr ij vkèkkfjr gSA
3- vkèkqfud O;oLFkk dk fl¼kUr% dk;Z rFkk lEcUèk osQfUnzr (Modern Theory of
Organization: Task and Relationship-Centred)
vkèkqfud O;oLFkk fl¼kUr dh ;g èkkj.kk gS fd O;oLFkk osQ lnL; leL;k dk lekèkku dj ldrs gSa vkSj fu.kZ;
Hkh ys ldrs gSaA O;oLFkk osQ O;ogkj dh O;oLFkk izR;{khdj.k rFkk fpUru iz.kkyh osQ ekè;e ls dh tk ldrh gSA
ekuo O;ogkj dh izo`Qfr ij vkèkkfjr gksus ls bu rhuksa fl¼kUrksa esa dksbZ fojksèkkHkkl ugha gS] ijUrq fl¼kUrksa
esa y{;ksa dk vUrj vo'; gSA bu fl¼kUrksa ij izfriknu vkS|ksfxd izcUèk dh n`f"V ls fd;k x;k gS ijUrq bUgsa
f'k{k.k O;oLFkk esa Hkh iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA
vkèkqfud O;oLFkk vk;ke (Modern Approach) esa dk;Z rFkk ekuo lEcUèk dks Hkh lfEefyr
fd;k tkrk gSA okLro esa f'k{kk O;oLFkk Nk=k&osQfUnzr gksrh gSA
f'k{k.k rFkk izf'k{k.k esa dk;Z dh vko';drkvksa rFkk Nk=k dh vko';drkvksa dks Hkh è;ku esa j[kk tkrk gSA
f'k{kd Nk=k] dk;Z rFkk O;oLFkk pjksa esa leUo; LFkkfir djrk gS ftldk ifj.kke Nk=kksa dh fu"ifÙk gksrh gSA
bl fopkjèkkjk dk lEcUèk&vè;;u] vuqns'ku&iz.kkyh] vuqns'ku&izk:i rFkk vuqns'ku rduhdh (Instructional
teachnology) ls gSA Msoht osQ vuqlkj bls 'kSf{kd&rduhdh dk ,d i{k ekuk tkrk gS] ftls r`rh; 'kSf{kd&rduhdh
dgrs gSaA blesa iz.kkyh&vk;ke (System Approach) dk iz;ksx f'k{k.k rFkk izf'k{k.k esa fd;k tkrk gSA
8-3 'kSf{kd laxBu dh ifjHkk"kk ,oa fo'ks"krk,¡ (Definition and Characteristics
of Educational Organization)
f'k{kk laxBu dh ifjHkk"kk (Definitions of Organization)
tc ge 'kSf{kd iz'kklu dh ppkZ djrs gSa rks ;g LokHkkfod gks tkrk gS fd laxBu osQ :i esa foospu fd;k
tk;s vkjfEHkd dky esa lekt ljy Fks f'k{kk dk laxBu f'k{kd] Nk=k rFkk LFkku rd lhfer jgrk FkkA dkykUrj
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