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Educational Measurement and Evaluation


                   Notes          •   Advantages of summative evaluation is judgemental in nature, hence it shows the worth or
                                      the value of a programme.
                                  •   It can be used for decision making so that learners can easily selected into placement streams
                                      such as pupils are put into classes according to their test results.
                                  •   Summative evaluation is useful for communicating with other stakeholders like parents,
                                      NGOs or church organisation who need to assist in the education sector.
                                  •   It is a useful tool for guidance and counselling. Above all it is done to evaluate the
                                      effectiveness of teachers.
                                  •   Disadvantages of summative evaluation comes rather too late at the end when learning
                                      difficulties can no longer be rectified. It is only concerned with the end results.

                                  31.4 Keywords

                                  Formative  :   Having an important and lasting influence on the development of something
                                                 or somebody’s character.
                                  Evaluation  :  The act to form an opinion of the amount value or quality of something.
                                  Initiative  :  A new plan for dealing with a particular  problem


                                  31.5 Review Questions
                                  1.  What is formative evaluation ?
                                  2.  Explain the process of formative evaluation.
                                  3.  Give the different types of formative evaluation.
                                  4.  Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of formative evaluation.
                                  5.  Explain the Concept of Summative evaluation why is the need for this type of evaluation.
                                  6.  Give the types, advantages and disadvantage of summative evaluation.

                                  Answers : Self Assessment
                                  1.  (i)  b             (ii)  a           (iii)  c             (iv)  a
                                  2.  (i)  Summative evaluation            (ii)  Impact
                                      (iii)  Secondary                     (iv)  judgemental, decision making

                                  31.6 Further Readings


                                              1.  Education Measurement and Evaluation :  J.Swarupa Rani, Discovery Publishing
                                                  house.
                                              2.  Measurement and Evaluation in Teaching : Norman Edward Gronlund Macmillian
                                              3.  Measurement and Assessment in Teaching : Robert L. Linn Pearson Education
                                                  India.
                                              4.  Program Evaluation and performance measurement : James C. Me. David, Laura
                                                  R.L. Hawthorn, Sage Publications.












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