Page 373 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_ENGLISH

Unit 32 : Measurement of Attitude, Aptitude, Personality and Intelligence

developed a new method for the construction of attitude scale for measuring attitude. Notes
This method is based on a simple and clear process. The name of this method or technique
is—Method of Summated Rating. In this method, the selection of statements for the
construction of attitude scale is done on the basis of item analysis.
(1) At first, 50-60 favourable or unfavourable statements are constructed for the object,
person, activity or thought for which the attitude has to be measured.
(2) Five responses for each statement are prepared to give marks to each favourable or
unfavourable statement—Strongly agree, Agree, Undecided, Disagree and Strongly
disagree. When a person chooses either of them, corresponding mark (out of 4, 3, 2,
1, and 0) is given for favourable statements as decided above. Now the mark
weightage of the unfavourable statements is changed, that is, on an extremely
favourable response for an unfavourable statement is made 0, 1 mark for agree
response, and 2, 3 and 4 marks for undecided, disagree and extremely disagree
responses respectively.
(3) The scale is administered on a large sample of those persons for which the attitude
scale is being prepared. Each of them is asked to give his consent to one of the
responses to each statement.
(4) The responses of the people are given marks as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 for positive statements
and 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 for negative statements, and the total of obtained scores (attitude
score) is found out.
(5) The response sheets are arranged in descending order and the people falling within
27% from each of top and bottom are selected.
(6) The value of t is found out on the basis of the difference between the discriminating
powers of top and bottom groups with the help of items-analysis process. The
medians and standard deviations of the obtained scores obtained by the persons of
top and bottom groups are calculated to find out the value of t. The value of t is
found out by the following formula for comparison of medians of the top and bottom
groups :

t =

In which, M = Median of the top group for obtained scores of each statement
H
M = Median of the bottom group for obtained scores of each statement
L
= Standard deviation of the top group for each statement

= Standard deviation of the bottom group for each statement

= Number of people in the top group
= Number of people in the bottom group

n = Number of people in each group
If the number in both groups is equal, then n = n = n can be used. In this context,
H L
the formula of t will be as follows :

t =

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