Page 104 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

'kSf{kd ekiu rFkk ewY;kadu

uksV f}rh; og lw=k tks lcls ljy vkSj vfèkd mi;ksxh lw=k ekuk tkrk gS ijUrq fo'oluh;rk xq.kd vfèkd 'kq¼ ugha
gksrk vfirq yxHkx ftls osQñ vkjñμ21 (KR-21) dgrs gSaA
2
n σ− M(n − M)
r = 1 ...KR-21
u
σ 1 2 (n − 1)
tcfd r = fo'oluh;rk xq.kd

n = ijh{k.k osQ inksa dh la[;k
σ = izkIrkadksa dk izekf.kd fopyu
M= izkIrkadksa dk eè;eku
mnkgj.kμijh{k.k osQ inksa dh la[;k 60] izkekf.kd fopyu 8 vkSj izkIrkadksa dk eè;eku 40 gSA osQñ vkjñ 21
ls fo'oluh;rk xq.kd dh x.kuk dhft,A
× 60 − 64 40 −(60 40)
r = ...KR-21
u
64(60 − 1)
× 60 − 64 × 40 20 3040
= = = 0.81
64 × 59 3776
bl fofèk esa ijh{k.k dks v¼Z foPNsfnr fofèk dh Hkk¡fr ,d gh ckj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj tks izkIrkad feyrs gSa
mudks fo'ys"k.k djosQ lw=k osQ vuqlkj visf{kr lkaf[;dh dh x.kuk djrs gSa vkSj lw=k esa mudk eku j[kdj
fo'oluh;rk xq.kd Kkr dj fy;k tkrk gSA

rkfoZQd rqY;rk xq.kd fofèk dh voèkkj.kk (Assumptions of Rational Equivalence Method) —owQMj
fjpkMZlu us viuh fofèk esa vèkksfyf[kr voèkkj.kkvksa dks iz;qDr fd;k gSA
1- ,d ijh{k.k osQ lHkh inksa dk dfBukbZ Lrj leku gksrk gSA in dh dfBukbZ Lrj ijh{kkFkhZ dh tkudkjh
ij fuHkZj djrk gSA ;fn og in dks tkurk gS rks ljy gS vkSj ;fn in dh tkudkjh ugha gS rks dfBu
gSA in dh dfBukbZ tkuus ij fuHkZj djrh gSA

2- ;g nwljh voèkkj.kk Hkh igyh ls lEcfUèkr gS fd inksa dk dfBukbZ Lrj leku gksrs gq, ;g vko';d ugha
fd ,d O;fDr izR;sd in dks lgh dj ysA
3- owQMj fjpkMZlu us vius lw=kksa esa inksa dh pfjrk dks egRo ugha fn;k gS vfirq ijh{kkfFkZ;ksa osQ izkIrkadksa dh
gh pfjrk dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA
rkfoZQd rqY;rk xq.kd fofèk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Rational Equivalence method)—bl
fofèk dh fo'ks"krk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
1- ;g fofèk v¼ZfoPNsn fofèk osQ lqèkkj osQ :i esa fodflr dh x;h gSA v¼ZfoPNsn fofèk dh lhekvksa dks
è;ku esa j[kk x;k gSA

2- ;g fofèk vis{kkÑr ferO;;h gS] D;ksafd ijh{k.k dks ,d gh ckj nsdj muosQ izkIrkadksa dk fo'ys"k.k djosQ
fo'oluh;rk dh x.kuk dj ysrs gSaA
3- bl fofèk osQ vUnj owQMj us ,sls lw=kksa dk fodkl fd;k gS] ftlls 'kq¼ fo'oluh;rk xq.kd dh x.kuk dh
tk ldrh gS] blosQ vfrfjDr ,slk Hkh lw=k fn;k gS ftuosQ iz;ksx ls 'kh?kz gh fo'oluh;rk xq.kd Kkr dj
ldrs gSaA
4- ;g lcls mÙke izdkj dh ljy fofèk gS] bldk iz;ksx ,sls ijh{k.kksa osQ fy, mÙke gksrk gS ftuesa dfBukbZ
Lrj dh n`f"V ls ltkrh; inksa dks lEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA ;g fofèk xfr ijh{k.kksa osQ fy, vfèkd mi;ksxh gSA

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