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fJekJh^10L wd ftPb/PDL wd efmBkJh, G/dGkt ;{ueKe, ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                              fJekJh^10L wd ftPb/PDL wd efmBkJh, G/dGkt ;{ueKe, ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                              fJekJh^10L wd ftPb/PDL wd efmBkJh, G/dGkt ;{ueKe, ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                              fJekJh^10L wd ftPb/PDL wd efmBkJh, G/dGkt ;{ueKe, ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                              fJekJh^10L wd ftPb/PDL wd efmBkJh, G/dGkt ;{ueKe, ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                               1.00                                                               È؇

                               0.90
                               0.80
                               0.70
                                     pj[s ;ob                  pj[s efmB
                      G/dGkt   0.60  gqPB                      gqPB
                      ;{ueKe
                               0.50
                               0.40
                               0.30

                               0.20
                               0.10
                               0.00
                                       0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4  0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8  0.9 1.0
                                                 efmBsk ;{ueKe

                                         efmBsk ;{ueKe
                                         efmBsk ;{ueKe
                                         efmBsk ;{ueKe
                                         efmBsk ;{ueKe
                                         efmBsk ;{ueKe
                       efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe ft~u f;XKse ;zpzX
                       efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe ft~u f;XKse ;zpzX
                       efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe ft~u f;XKse ;zpzX
                       efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe ft~u f;XKse ;zpzX
                       efmBsk ;{ueKe ns/ G/dGkt ;{ueKe ft~u f;XKse ;zpzX
        [source : G. Stanley and D. Hopkins, 1972. Introduction to Educational Measurement and Testing.
        Boston : Macmillan.p.270]
        •   T[dkjoD bJh, 0H9 d/ efmBsk ;{ueKe Bkb 0H2 dk G/dGkt ;{ueKe nkUAdk j? fijVk fe x~N s'A w~X G/
            dGkt tkbk fejk iKdk j?. fizBk efmB gqPB, UBK jh T[; wd bJh fJj gsk eoBk w[Pfeb j[zdk j? fe
            fejV/ ftfdnkoEh T[; dk ;jh j~b ikDd/ jB ns/ fejV/ BjhA.
        •   fJ;/ soK, id'A efmBsk ;{ueKe 0H1 dk j't/, sK G/dGkt ;{ueKe 0H2 s~e fro iKdk j?. noEks fizBk
            ;ob gqPB, UBk jh T[; wd bJh fJj gsk eoBk w[Pfeb j[zdk j? fe fejV/ ftfdnkoEh T[; dk ;jh j~b
            ikDd/ jB ns/ fejV/ BjhA.

        10H10 ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk (
        10H10 ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk (Effectiveness of Distractors) )) )
        10H10 ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk (
        10H10 ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk (                                     )
        10H10 ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk (
        fJ~e g{oh N?;N wd d/ gqdoPB dh iKu eoD s'A fJbktk, nfXnkge pj[ftebg wdK ft~u ftneshrs
        ftxBK (rbs T[Zso ftebg) d/ gqdoPB dh iKu eoD ft~u th fdbu;gh o~yd/ jB. UBK ftfdnkoEhnK
        d/ nB[gks dh rDBk eo e/ fiBK B/ jo T[Zso ftebg u[fDnk, nfXnkge gfjukD ;ed/ jB fe fejV/
        ftxB ezw eo oj/ jB ns/ fijV/ ftfdnkoEh ;jh T[Zso BjhA ikDd/, UBK Bz{ Uj nkeofPs brd/ jB
        ns/ fejV/ ftxB e/tb EK b? oj/ jB ns/ eJh ftfdnkoEhnK d[nkok BjhA u[D/ iKd/. fJ; nzdkI/ Bz{ d{o
        eoD bJh fi; ekoD ;jh T[Zso nzdkI/ Bkb jh nk ikt/ (fijVk fe fJ~e wd dh t?Xsk s/ n;o eodk j?),
        nfXnkge mhe ftebg u[DBk ukj[zd/ jB. nkU n;hA fJ~e wd iK gqPB d/ gqdoPB dh iKu eohJ/.
        fejVh :{ogh skes B/ w/bkek T[Zs/ 1511 ft~u jwbk ehsk<

                                        g[osrkbh    v~u   ;g/fBP  nzro/ih
                         ftebg             A        B       C       D   e'Jh gqshfeqnk BjhA

          T[Zu nzeK tkbk ;w{j (n = 12)     5        5       0       2            0
          fBwB nzeK tkbk ;w{j (n = 12)     3        4       0       5            0
                                           ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                          ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                    ;koDh
                                    ;koDh  ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                    ;koDh
                                    ;koDh :  ftxBsk dh gqGktPhbskftxBsk dh gqGktPhbsk
                                    ;koDh

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