Page 78 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_PUNJABI

ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
ft~fdne wkg ns/ w[~bKeD
È؇ (r) fJ;/ soK, n;hA fJ~e ftnesh d/ fJ~e ftP/ (X) ft~u ;e'oK dh d{i/ ftP/ (Y) ft~u T[; d/ ;e'oK d/
nkXko s/ Gft~ytkDh eoD bJh gqshrwB ;wheoD dk gq:'r eo ;ed/ jK. ;zpzfXs ckow{bk j?
σ y
Y = r ( − X )XM + M Y
σ x

fJ; s'A fJbktk, fJ; Gft~ytkDh ft~u n?;Nhw/N dh ;N?Avov n?oo dh rDBk j/mK fd~s/ ckow{bk Bkb
ehsh ik ;edh j?L

σ y
Y = r ( − X )XM + M Y
σ x
(x) ;fj;zpzX r[DKe d/ nkXko s/ jh, fJ~e N?;N dh g{ot^nB[wkB d~ysk dk th nzdkIk brkfJnk ik
;edk j?. fJ; d/ bJh j/mK fd~sk ckow{bk gq:'r ehsk iKdk j?L

(estyσ ) = σ y 1 r 2
−
T[dkjoD bJh, wzB bU N?;N ns/ wkBdzvK ftueko ;fj;zpzX r[DKe H80 j?, sK N?;N dh g{ot^nB[wkB
d~ysk H40 iK 40# j't/rh.

E = 1 − (1 − ).80 2

−
= 1 − 1 .64
= 1 − .36
= 1 – .60 = .40
d'^g~yh ;fj;pzX sohekL e[M ;fEshnK ft~u, i/eo fJ~e ;w{j d/ ftnesh fJ~e uo ft~u nkUAd/ jB,
2H 2H d'^g~yh ;fj;pzX sohekL d'^g~yh ;fj;pzX sohekL
2H 2H 2H d'^g~yh ;fj;pzX sohekL d'^g~yh ;fj;pzX sohekL
sK n;hA ;e'o o{g ft~u wkg eo ;ed/ jK, gqzs{ d{i/ uo nzdo, n;hA e/tb UBK ftneshnK Bz{ jh torK
ft~u tzv ;ed/ jK ns/ fJBK d'jK uoK ftueko ehsh ikD tkbh ;fj;zpzXK dh rDBk Bz{ d' g~yh ;fj;zpzX
fejk iKdk j?. ns/ Uj uo fijVk d' torK ft~u tzfvnk ikdk j?, T[; Bz{ d[Gkih uo fejk iKdk j?.
T[dkjoD bJh, i/eo n;hA wkBf;e T[wo ns/ ;wkfie ;wk:'iB ft~u ;fj;zpzX ikDBk ukj[zd/ jK sK
ftfdnkoEhnK dh wkBf;e T[wo Bz{ n;hA gfjb/ uo nzdo wkg ;ed/ jK, gqzs{ d{i/ uo ft~u, ;kBz{
ftfdnkoEhnK Bz{ d' torK ft~u tzvDk gt/rk. fJ~e tor Bz{ ;wkfie sohe/ Bkb ;wk:'fis ehsk ikt/rk
ns/ d{ih ;wkfie n;wk:'fis j't/rh.
d[Gkih uoK dhnK e[M T[dkjoDK fJ; soK jBL
(e) g;zdK ns/ Bkg;zdK
(y) e~NogzEh ns/ o{Vhtkdh

(r) ;wkfie fdwkrh ns/ wPhBh fdwkrh
(x) gk; ns/ n;cb
(R) n?EbhN ns/ r?o^n?EbhN
(u) e~Y/ rJ/ ns/ ofjD tkb/

fJBK ft~u ;fj;zpzX j/mK fd~s/ ckow{bk Bkb e~fYnk iKdk j?L
m − m q pq
p
r bias = σ ⋅ y

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