Page 12 - DEDU505_TEACHER_EDUCATION_ENGLISH

Teacher Education

Notes

In U.P. basic teacher training was started at Allahabad for the first time.

The syllabus and method of teaching prescribed was entirely different from other schools. Every
subject was correlated to some crafts and situations of life. Students were required to spin and do
mathematics, etc., through spinning and weaving. This was correlated teaching. From 1939
continuously this basic education is in our country.
Sargent Commission: In 1944 again John Sargent formulated the plan of improving the education
system. This was comprehensive plan which was considered at all levels. This plan made number of
recommendations on various aspects in education. For teacher education he made 4-5
recommendations—
1. Graduate teachers should be trained in training colleges. Colleges may be started by government
or by university department.
2. Quality of school education should be improved but it could not be improved without improving
quality of teacher training. So commission recommended that teacher training should also be
improved.
3. The commission suggested three types of training schools—
(a) Training schools for preparing teachers for pre-primary schools.
(b) Training schools for training teacher for primary level.
(c) Teacher training for junior training schools.
4. This plan also emphasised the need for refresher courses for teachers.
5. It was mentioned in this plan that in the coming 2-3 years the country would require 20 lacs
non-graduate teachers and 1.81 lacs graduate teachers. In order to fulfill the demand the plan
emphasized that more training colleges should be opened.
As a result of this number of training schools and colleges increased in country with a very fast rate.
In 1947 it has been estimated that there were 4 lakh teachers in primary schools but percentage of
teachers was 64.
Before 1947, B.Ed., departments were not found in affiliated colleges. There were three centres to
train graduate teachers—Banaras, Agra and Allahabad. Because number of training colleges were
not sufficient. Most of untrained teachers were appointed on less salary.
At the middle level only 59% of total number of teachers (72000) were trained, rest of them were
untrained and at secondary level hardly 51% of total number of teacher (88000) were trained and the
number of training colleges which trained teachers for secondary level were only 42 and there were
59% untrained teacher working in the schools. So government thought that let the private colleges
have training colleges.
This is the history of teacher education in India during pre-independence. Every time when review
of teacher education was made by certain committees, it was always found that there is the need of
improvement—qualitative and quantitative improvement of teacher education.

What was monitorial system?

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