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Unit 24: Backward and Delinquent Children: Preventions and Teaching Strategies

Notes

Use of audio visual aids should be emphasied for illustrating.

24.3 Prevention and Treatment of Delinquency

Prevention and treatment both the devices are employed in delinquency. It has two phases the first
phase is to treat those who have become delinquerts, another phase is to prevent delinquency by
organizing educational programmes and other activities in such a way that children may not become
delinquents.
1. Treatment of delinquents and
2. Prevention form delinquency.
1. Treatment of Delinquent Children: Generally the following methods and techniques are use in
the treat of delinquents.
1. Psychological method of treatments and
2. Psychoanalytic method of treatments.
1. Psychological Method of Treatments: Psychological method involves three devices for the
treatment of delinquents.
(a) Camp programme approach
(b) Community Planning or Sociological method and
(c) Change of environment.
(a) Camp programme approach: In this approach, a camp is made a treatment centre for the
adolscent because it is generally felt that the adolescents are more difficult to handle without
intensive observation. This programme has got three main themes:
(i) Group-counselling is keystone of the programme, which was "built around the concept
of the conscious cooperation of all elements within it for the welfare and development of
the inmates."
(ii) The camp programme strive to attain the cooperation of guards and to involve the inmates
in their own treatment.
(iii) It has a 'Probation-Recovery Camp' also if the campers do not have a desirable home to
go back to. This approach has been used for prisoners in USA but now attempts are being
made to use it for non-prisoners also.
(b) Community Planning or Sociological Method: After identifying the delinquent children
efforts are made to change the environment of the children. The basic needs of child are
fulfilled. Parent are also approached to have proper attitude towards the goods deeds and
bad habits. This method is based on good suggestion, sympathy and good instructions.
(c) Change in the Environment: When it is found that the existing environment can not be
improved, the delinquent child has to be shifted to some other good environment e.g. in
nurseries or reformatories.
(2) Psycho-analytic Method of Treatment: Though it is very time consuming and difficult method,
but very pinpointed and effective one. By adopting 'Psychonalysis' the clinical psychologists diagnose
the reasons of delinquency and try to cure. "Psychoanalysis is a comprehensive approach to human
behaviour whose broad outlines were laid down by Sigmund Freud. It comprises a theory of
personality development and functioning, psychotherapeutic techniques, and research techniques
for the investigation of personality funcitons."
Treatment of delinquent children is done by psychotherapy. The consellor or psychothrepist may
use an appropriate methods on the basis of his observation and magnitude of the problem:

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