Page 153 - DEDU506_SPECIAL_EDUCATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—16% vfèkxe vleFkZrk% ifjHkk"kk] izdkj ,oa fo'ks"krk,¡

leL;kvksa dk vuqHko djrs gSaA la[;kRed v;ksX;rk nks izdkj dh gksrh gSµlkekU; ;k xEHkhjA la[;kRed uksV
v;ksX;rk dh leL;k ls izHkkfor ckyd dks lkekU; la[;kRed leL;k Hkh dfBu izrhr gksrh gS] tcfd
,d lkekU; ckyd osQ fy;s os la[;kRed leL;k gy djuk fcYoqQy vklku gksrk gSA bl v;ksX;rk ls
lkekU; :i ls xzflr ckyd lkekU; d{kkvksa esa ik;s tkrs gSaA ,sls ckyd izkjfEHkd voLFkk esa ugha igpkus
tkrs gSaA
;fn bl leL;k dks le; ij igpku dj bldk lgh mipkj dj fn;k tk;s rks og ckyd fu;fer d{kkvksa
esa i<+ ldrs gSa ijUrq ;fn ;g leL;k xEHkhj gS rks ckyd u rks la[;k,¡] fxurh ;kn dj ldrk gS vkSj u
gh la[;kvksa rFkk fxurh osQ chp lEcUèk dks le> ldrk gSA xEHkhj ekeyksa esa bl leL;k dk lekèkku djuk
dfBu gksrk gS bl leL;k osQ lekèkku osQ fy, lqèkkj djus gsrq vH;kl dh vko';drk gksrh gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fn, x, dFkuksa osQ lkeus lgh ( ) vFkok xyr ( ) × dk fu'kku yxk,¡µ
(State whether the following statements are True or False)
1- ,sls ckydksa dh la[;k cgqr U;wu gS ftUgsa fdlh fo'ks"k fo"k; osQ vfèkxe esa dfBukbZ vkrh gSA

2- vfèkxe vleFkZ ckyd dks f'k{k.k {ks=k esa fuiq.krk dks xzg.k djus esa vfèkd leL;k gksrh gSA
3- fMLySfDl;k osQ f'kdkj cPpksa esa vfèkxe vleFkZrk ikbZ tkrh gSA
4- vfèkxe vleFkZ ckyd HkkoukRed Lrj ij cgqr e”kcwr gksrs gSaA

16-7 lkjka'k (Summary)

• 'kCn ¶vfèkxe vleFkZ ckyd dk rkRi;Z ,sls ckydksa ls gS tks Hkk"kk dks cksyus ;k le>us esa 'kkjhfjd

o ekufld vFkok nksuksa osQ dkj.k vleFkZ gSA vFkkZr cksyus o le>us dh fØ;k esa fdlh Hkh izdkj osQ
nks"k ckydksa esa ik;s tkrs gSaA ftlosQ vU; izHkko tSls Hkk"kk] fy[kuk] i<+uk] cksyuk] lquuk] lacUèkh x.kuk
djuk iw.kZ :i ls vFkok vkaf'kd :i ls Hkh lfEefyr gSA ;g 'kCn xEHkhj :i ls 'kkjhfjd o ekufldrk
ckfèkrk] efLr"d esa pksV] efLr"d dk lqpk# :i ls dk;Z u dj ikuk vth.kZ jksx ls xLr gksuk Hkh
lfEefyr gSA bl 'kCn esa ,sls ckyd lfEefyr ugha gSA tks vfèkxe lacUèkh leL;k ls ihfM+r gS ysfdu
bldk eq[; dkj.k n`f"V] Jo.k ckfèkrk] gkFk ;k iSj ls dk;Z u dj ikuk] ekufld efUnrk] HkkoukRed
fo{kksHk ;k okrkoj.k fof{kIrrk vFkok lkaLÑfrd ;k vk£Fkd nks"k gSaA lu~ (1975) esa dkuwu Hkh cukA
vfèkxe vleFkZrk ckyd esa vU; foLr`r {ks=kksa esa v;ksX;rk,¡ iSnk dj ldrh gSaA euksfoKku ls lEcfUèkr
bl izdkj osQ 10 {ks=kksa dk p;u bl vè;k; esa lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA fdlh Hkh ,d {ks=k esa vFkok vfèkd
{ks=kksa esa nks"k gksus dk vFkZ vfèkxe lacUèkh leL;k gSA
• vfèkxe vleFkZrk dk rkRi;Z vfèkxe lacUèkh ,slh leL;kvksa ls gS tks ckydksa osQ lquus] le>us cksyus] fy[kus]
i<+us ;k xf.krh; la[;kvksa eas ckyd dh v;ksX;rk vkaf'kd :i ls ;k iw.kZ :i ls izn£'kr djrs gSaA
• fdoZQ (1962) osQ vuqlkjµvfèkxe vleFkZrk dk rkRi;Z ckyd dk ean xfr ls fodkl gksuk vFkok ekin.Mksa
ls vfèkd le; yxus ls lEcfUèkr gSA fodkl esa eUnrk dh nj dk ckyd osQ cksyus] i<+us] Hkk"kk lacUèkh 'kCnksa

osQ fofHk orZuh v{kj djosQ i<+us fy[kus vFkok ,d ls vfèkd fØ;kvksa osQ djus esa ckyd dfBukb;ksa dk
vuqHko djrk gSA bl izdkj dh leL;kvksa ,oa dfBukbZ dk dkj.k HkkokukRed] O;ogkfjd fo{kksHk vFkok
lEHkor% (cerbral dysfunction) ekufld nks"k gksrk gSA bldk dkj.k ekufld eUnrk] 'kkjhfjd bfUnz;ksa esa
deh vFkok nks"k ugha gksrk gSA bldk dkj.k lkaLÑfrd vFkok vuqns'kkRed nks"k Hkh ugha gksrs gSaA

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