Page 74 - DENG504_LINGUISTICS

Linguistics

Notes t voiceless alveolar plosive (Eng. t in tea)
™ voiceless alveolar click
u Cardinal Vowel no. 8 (approximately as in French doux); used for Eng.
[u:] in do
œ central rounded close vowel
• centralized rounded half-close vowel (Eng. u in put)
v voiced labio-dental fricative (Eng. v in ever)

Λ unrounded Cardinal Vowel no. 6; used for Engl, vowel in cup
ν labio-dental frictionless continuant
w labio-velar semi-vowel (Eng. w in we)
voiceless labio-velar fricative (sometimes Eng. wh in why)
x voiceless velar fricative (Scottish ch in loch)
y rounded Cardinal Vowel no. 1 (approximately as in French du)
 voiced palatal lateral continuant (Italian gl in egli)
¢ unrounded Cardinal Vowel no. 7
Y voiced velar fricative
z voiced alveolar fricative (Eng. z in lazy)
¥ voiced palato-alveolar fricative (Eng. s in measure)
Φ voiceless bilabial fricative
© voiceless alveolar lateral click
? glottal plosive (stop)
: indicates full length of preceding vowel
. indicates half length of preceding vowel
! main accentual stress or pitch prominence on following syllable
; secondary accentural stress on following syllable
` high unaccented pre-neuclear syllable
high falling pitch
`, low falling pitch
falling-rising pitch
- rising-falling pitch
high rising pitch
,` low rising pitch
⋅ syllable carrying secondary accent
• syllable, immediately following nucleus, carrying secondary accent based on quality/quantity
. syllable carrying primary (nuclear) accent
. unaccented syllable

- naslization, e.g. [ o ]
centralization, e.g. [ o && ]
• more open quality, e.g. [o ]
. closer quality, e.g. [ ] ]
&

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