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bdkbZµ23% ^vkidk caVh* dh laokn&;kstuk ,oa Hkk"kk&'kSyh



          ¶caVh dks gksLVy Hkstus dh ckr rks vkius dg nh] ij dHkh ;g Hkh lkspk gS fd mls gksLVy Hkstdj eSa fdruh  uksV
          vosQyh gks tkÅ¡xhA¸
          ([k)  Hkk"kk ij LFkkuh; izHkkoµmiU;kl dh ?kVuk vkSj mlosQ ik=kksa ij LFkkuh; izHkko fdlh u fdlh :i
          esa vo'; fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA ;g ckr lqf'kf{kr ik=kksa ij de] ¯drq v¼Zf'kf{kr ;k vf'kf{kr ik=kksa ij vfèkd ykxw
          gksrh gSA ^vkidk caVh* miU;kl osQ vfèkdka'k ik=k lqf'kf{kr gSaA osQoy ,dek=k iwQiQh gh ,slh gS] tks vui<+ rFkk
          [kklk xzkeh.k ifjos'k dh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa mldh cksyh ij LFkkuh; izHkko ifjyf{kr gksuk dksbZ vLokHkkfod
          ugha gSA bl lacaèk esa oqQN mnkgj.k ns[ksaµ

          ¶rqe ;gk¡ [kM+s&[kM+s D;k dj jgs gh caVh HkS;k\ pydj ugk dkgs ugha ysrs\¸
          ¶iwQiQh] dgkuh lqukvks arks lksuy jkuh dh tks lpeqp esa Mk;u Fkh vkSj jkuh cudj jgrh FkhA¸
          ¶,Yyks] vkSj lquksA ;g dgkuh lqukus dk c[kr gSA dke lkjk iM+k gS vkSj rqEgsa dgkuh lw> jgh gSA dgkuh jkr
          esa lquh tkrh gS] fnu esa ughaA¸

          ¶ugha] eSa vHkh lquw¡xkA dksbZ dke&oke ughaA¸
          ¶vPNk iwQiQh] og Mk;u ls jkuh oSQls cu tkrh Fkh\ mlosQ ikl tknw Fkk\¸

          ¶vkSj D;k rks\ Mk;u Fkh] lkjs tknw ol esa dj j[ks FksA cl] tks pkgrh cu tkrhA eu gksrk oSlk Hksl èkj ysrhA¸
          ¶D;ksa iwQiQh] vkneh Hkh pkgs rks ,slk dj ldrk gS\¸

          ¶dbls dj ysxk vkneh\ vkneh osQ cl esa D;k tknw gS\¸
          (x)  'kq¼ rRle&izèkku ifjfuf"Br Hkk"kkµbl miU;kl osQ laoknksa esa 'kq¼ rRle izèkku ifjfuf"Br Hkk"kk dk
          iz;ksx cgqr de gqvk gSA blesa vfèkdka'k :i ls cksypky dh Hkk"kk dk gh iz;ksx fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA fiQj Hkh ,slk
          ugha fd ifjfuf"Br Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx gS gh ughaA oqQN iafDr;k¡ mnkgj.k osQ :i esa nsf[k,µ

          ¶;s yksx T;knk pw¡&piM+ djsaxs rks eSa ukSdjh NksM+ nw¡xhA laHkkysa viuh ukSdjhA¸
          ¶rqe ukSdjh djks ;k NksM+ks] ;g fcYoqQy rqEgkjh viuh bPNk ij gSA ij NksM+ks rks dkj.k ;g ugha gksuk pkfg,A---
          vkt eSustj dks vkifÙk gqbZ rks rqeus ukSdjh NksM+ nhA dy 'kgj okyksa dks vkifÙk gqbZ rks rqe 'kgj NksM+us dks
          dgksxh] vkSj t:j dgksxhA NksVh txg gS----,slh ckrsa yksx vklkuh ls ipk ugha ikrsA vkSj bl rjg detksj gksus
          ls dgha dke pyrk gS] py ldrk gS\ vkSj lp iwNks rks vkifÙk ckgj ugha gksrh] dgha eu osQ Hkhrj gh gksrh
          gSA rHkh rks gesa ;s NksVh&NksVh ckrsa ijs'kku dj nsrh gS ojuk bu vkifÙk;ksa ij ,d feuV Hkh tk;k djuk eSa mfpr
          ugha le>rkA bu yksxksa dk D;k gd gS rqEgkjs O;fDrxr thou esa gLr{ksi djus dk\¸

          23-3  lkjka'k (Summary)


              Jherh eUuw HkaMkjh us ^vkidk caVh* uked vius miU;kl esa laoknksa dh ;kstuk vR;ar lqfu;ksftr <ax ls
              dh gSA miU;kl esa dgha rks blosQ ekè;e ls mUgksaus dFkkoLrq dks fodklkRed xfr iznku dh gS vkSj dgha
              ik=kksa osQ pfj=k fo'ys"k.k osQ fy,A

              ^vkidk caVh* miU;kl dh laokn&;kstuk bl dlkSVh ij [kjh mrjrh gSA blesa iz;qDr laokn ik=kksa osQ
              pfj=k&fo'ys"k.k esa Hkh lgk;d fl¼ gksrs gSaA blosQ laokn Hkkoh dFkkud ij Hkh izdk'k Mkyrs gSa vkSj lkFk
              gh dFkkud dks lac¼ vkSj lqfu;ksftr djrs gSaA

              laoknksa osQ ekè;e ls vkSiU;kfld ik=kksa dh pkfjf=kd fo'ks"krk,¡ mHkkjus dh i¼fr dkiQh iqjkuh gSA bl i¼fr
              dk iz;ksx nks :iksa esa fd;k tkrk gSµizR;{k pfj=k&fp=k.k vkSj nwljk ijks{k pfj=k&fp=k.kA




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