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bdkbZ 13% vrhr osQ pyfp=k% izeq[k js[kkfp=kksa dk lkjka'k ,oa lizlax O;k[;k
fo'ks"kµ (1) iq#"k lekt dh dBksjrk] izoapukiw.kZ vkpj.k ,oa feF;k vgadkj ij pksV dh x;h gSA uksV
(2) ukjh&pfj=k dh efgek dk o.kZu gSA
(3) lwfDr :i esa okD;ksa dks vFkZxfHkZr cuk;k x;k gSA
(4) izkphu 'kkL=k&xazFkksa euq&Le`fr vkfn esa dgh x;h ckrksa ij O;aX;&dVk{k gSA
(5) euq egkjkt tks dg x;s gaS mls vlR; izekf.kr dj oqQaHkh&ikd esa fogkj djus dh bPNk u gks
rks ;g dguk gh iM+sxk fd fcêðks rhljs fookg dh bPNk dks ân; osQ fdlh fuHk`r dksus esa fNik, gq,
gS vkSj mlosQ m¼kj osQ fy, fujarj dfVc¼ o`¼ ijksidkfj;ksa dh] bl iq.; Hkwfe esa vkSj fo'ks"k dj
bl tkxzr ;qx esa deh ugha gks ldrhA
'kCnkFkZµ euq egkjkt¾euqLe`fr osQ ys[kd ftls fgUnw yksx /eZ vkSj uhfr dk izkekf.kd xzaFk ekurs gSa vkSj
ftlesa crk;s x;s fof/&fo/ku dks vdkV~; ,oa vuqya?kuh; ekuk tkrk gSA mls¾muosQ bl dFku dks fd L=kh
dks lnk ijkèkhu jguk pkfg,&cpiu esa ekrk&firk osQ] fookg gksus ij ifr osQ rFkk fo/ok gksus ij iq=k osQ
laj{k.k ,oa ijk/hurk esa jguk pkfg,A L=kh&Lokra=; loZ=k rFkk loZnk oftZr gSA daqHkhikd¾,d ujd dk uke
tgk¡ ikih dks ejus osQ ckn jgdj vusd ?kksj ;kruk,a lguh iM+rh gSaA fuHk`r¾lwus] ,dkar] fNisA
izlaxµ ;g x|ka'k egknsoh oekZ d`r laLej.k ^fcêðks* ls fy;k x;k gSA laLej.k osQ var esa fcêðks osQ thou dh
laiw.kZ d#.k dFkk dgus osQ ckn og cM+h rh[kh Hkk"kk esa fgUnw lekt fo'ks"kr% iq#"k oxZ dh u`'kalrk ,oa /wrZrk
ij izgkj djrh gSaA fcêðks osQ igys ifr dh e`R;q osQ ckn cky fo/ok gksrs gq, Hkh nwljk fookg djus dh bPNk
ugha FkhA ijarq mlosQ HkkbZ&HkkfHk;ksa us mls cks> le>dj rFkk lektlq/kjd gksus dh okgokgh ywVus osQ fy,
LokFkZo'k mldk fookg e`R;q osQ dxkj ij [kM+s ,d o`¼ ls dj fn;k Fkk vkSj vc og Hkh e`R;q&'kÕ;k ij iM+k
;ejkt osQ nwrksa osQ vkus dh izrh{kk dj jgk Fkk] nks&pkj ?kM+h dk esgeku FkkA ysf[kdk dh l[kh us fy[kk Fkk
fd llqjkyokyksa us ej.kklUu o`¼ dh laifÙk gM+ius dh lkjh ;kstuk cuk yh Fkh vr% fcêðks dk Hkfo"; va/
dkje; gSA l[kh dk dFku iw.kZr% lR; FkkA ij blh dFku dks O;aX; dk vk/kj cukdj egknsoh fgUnw /ekZpk;ks±]
uhfr&xzaFk jpukdkjksa vkSj Lo;a dks lekt&lqèkkjd dgus okys /wrZ yksxksa ij djkjh pksV djrh gSA
O;k[;kµ euqLe`fr osQ ;'kL=koh] vej vkSj fgUnw tkfr esa lokZf/d izekf.kd ekus tkus okys 'kkL=k&xaFk osQ ys[kd
euq egkjkt dg x;s gSa fd L=kh dks ekrk&firk ] ifr] iq=k osQ v/hu jguk pkfg,A mls Lora=krk dHkh ugha
nh tk;] mls vius iSjksaa ij [kM+s gksus osQ ;ksX; dHkh u cuk;k tk;] mls lnk ijeq[kkis{kh j[kk tk;] mldh
bPNk dks dksbZ egRo ugha fn;k tk;A euq osQ bu opuksa dks ekuus okyh L=kh gh lrh gS] ifo=k gS] fu"dyq"k
vkSj oanuh; gSA ;fn dksbZ L=kh muosQ bu opuksa dks] muosQ vkns'k dks (Hkys gh og vuSfrd] vU;k;iw.kZ rFkk
dBksj gks) Bqdjkrh gS rks og LosPNkpkfj.kh] nq"pfj=kk ,oa ikfiuh dgh tk,xh vkSj mlosQ iki&deZ osQ fy,
mls lcls vf/d d"V vkSj ;kruk fn;s tkus okys ^oqQHkhikd* uked ujd esa jgdj vusd ;a=k.kk,a >syuh iM+saxhA
;fn dksbZ iq#"k Hkh euq egkjkt osQ vkns'kkas dk mYya?ku djus esa lg;ksx ;k lgk;rk nsrk gS rks mls Hkh n.M
Hkksxuk iM+sxkA ijarq vkt dk ;qx euq egkjkt vkSj muosQ opuksa dks ihNs NksM+ gtkjksa o"kZ vkxs c<+ x;k gS]
og vf/d ltx] lpsr tkx:d] L=kh osQ izfr vf/d laosnu'khy rFkk lgkuqHkwfriw.kZ cu x;k gSA vr% vkt
osQ lekt lq/kjd tks'k esa vkdj dgsaxs] >wBk vuqeku yxk;saxs] fcêðks ls iwNrkN djus vkSj mldh bPNk tkuus
dk iz;Ru fd;s fcuk Hkh dgrs fiQjsaxs fd Hkys gh fcêðks vius eqag oqQN u dgrh gks] Li"V 'kCnksa esa viuk rhljk
fookg djus dh bPNk O;Dr u djrh gks] ijarq og eu gh eu pkgrh gS fd mldk fookg ,d ckj iqu% gks]
mldh rhljh ckj Hkaojs iM+s vkSj ifr osQ lkFk u, ?kj esa x`gLokfeuh cudj izos'k djsA ;s LokFkhZ] tks'k esa Hkjs
yksx ;g Hkh dgsaxs fd fcêðks tSlh vukFk] vukfJr] vHkkfxuh dks viuh ifj.khrk] thou&lafxuh cukus okys
cw<+ksa dh Hkh deh ugha gSA dcz esa iSj yVdk;s ,sls vusd vla[; iksiys eqag okys cw<+ksa dks os tkurs gSa tks izLrko
lqudj ,sls yidasxs tSls dkSvk vHk{; ij vkSj fx¼ ekal ij >iVrk gSA vr% bl tkxj.k vkSj lekt&lq/
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