Page 105 - DSOC401_SOCIOLOGICAL_THOUGHT_ENGLISH

Unit-15: Division of Labour in Society–Mechanical and Organic Solidarity

15.2 summary notes

y As a result of division of labour, organic solidarity or organization has thrived in the society, i.e.
various social units do various social jobs , but among them, on the basis of social requirements,
inter-relation or inter- dependence is maintained.
y As a result of division of labour specialization of labour has also happened because under
division of labour, each person does a special kind of work; and by continuously doing the
same work more and more knowledge about that job is attained and he becomes a specialist
in that job.
y Division of labour has thrived individualist emotions in the society. As a result of division of
labour and specialization, personal variances go on increasing; people have different work,
experiences and personalities. But it does not mean that division of labour has made people
selfish, but as opposed to it, division of labour, by making them interdependent on each
other, has compelled them to think about others. Their contribution in social welfare jobs have
increased due to division of labour.
y Because of division of labour and specialization, importance of personal attributes and personal
independence has also increased.
y Division of labour makes various members and groups of the society dependent on each other.
Because of this mutual dependence, feeling of individualist is not able to thrive in its venomous
form. Because of division of labour, on each person there is such ethical pressure that he does
maximum development of his personality through more and more specialization, so that he
is able to fulfill his ethical duties towards the society.

15.3 Keywords

1. mechanical solidarity: amalgamation of their discreet existence in the whole by the
determining parts of any whole has been called the condition of mechanical solidarity by
Durkheim, i.e., when personality of a person in included in personality of the group.
2. organic solidarity: when any determining part of any whole, despite of being included in
the whole maintains its discreet existence, it does not let its existence amalgamate in the
whole, Durkheim calls this situation as organic solidarity.

15.4 review Questions

1. Explain in detail the social consequences of division of labour.
2. Analyze the solidarity spread in the society on the basis of division of labour.

answers: self assessment
1. Analysis and testing 2. Members 3. Repressive
4. Durkheim 5. Sociological 6. Raymond Aaron

15.5 further readings

Books 1. Sociological Thought—Ravindranath Mukharji.
2. Sociology—T.B. Botomor.
3. Sociological Theory—Abraham and Morgan.

LoVeLY professionaL uniVersitY 99