Page 183 - DSOC401_SOCIOLOGICAL_THOUGHT_hindi

bdkbZ—25: foYizsQMks ijsVks% ckSf¼d i`"BHkwfe

iQklhokn osQ vfrfjDr ijsVks rVLFk fl¼kUr osQ iz.ksrk Hkh FksA os iwjh 'kfDr osQ lkFk gjcVZ LisUlj vkSj dkWEV uksV
osQ mn~fodkl rFkk izxfr osQ fl¼kUr dks vLohdkj djrs gSaA ,d LFkku ij eqlksfyuh us ijsVks osQ fy;s ;g fVIi.kh
nh% ¶ijsVks cqtqZvk dkyZ ekDlZ FkkA¸ bldk eryc ;g gqvk fd ftl rjg ekDlZ us loZgkjk oxZ dh fgek;r
dh oqQN blh rjg ijsVks us cqtZqvk oxZ dh fgek;r dhA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djsaµ
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1- ijsVks dh esa ;wjksi dh nks ijaijkvksa dk fuokZg i;kZIr :i ls gqvk gSA
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2- ehM us viuh Ñfr;ksa esa O;fDr vkSj lekt osQ dks ns[kk gSA
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3- iQklhokn osQ vfrfjDr ijsVks rVLFk fl¼kar osQ Hkh FksA
ÑfrRo (Major Works)

ijsVks us cgqr oqQN fy[kk gS] vFkZ'kkL=k vkSj lekt'kkL=k esaA izkjEHk esa muosQ oqQN iqQVdj fucU/ vFkZ'kkL=k esa
FksA bUgha osQ dkj.k os lu~ 1892 esa jktuhfrd vFkZ'kkL=k (Political Economics) osQ izksisQlj gks x;sA mUgksaus
bVyh dk ,d okd;k viuh fVªVkbt esa fy[kk gSA os bVyh esa vk;ksftr ,d lsehukj esa Hkkx ysus x;s FksA ml
le; osQ ukeh fxjkeh vFkZ'kkL=kh bl cSBd esa mifLFkr FksA ;gk¡ ijsVks us dgk fd vFkZ'kkL=k ,d izR;{koknh
lekt foKku (Positive Social Science) gSA mudk ;g dguk Fkk fd cSBd osQ dbZ lnL;ksa us mudh Vk¡x
[khpuh 'kq: dj nhA tSlk fd cSBdksa esa gksrk gS ijsVks dks Hkh pqIih lk/uh iM+hA blh cSBd osQ ckn 'kke dks
ijsVks Hkkstu izkIr djus osQ fy;s fdlh gksVy dh ryk'k esa fudysA cSBd esa mifLFkr ,d Hkkxhnkj ls mudh
HksaV gks x;hA ijsVks us cSBd osQ Hkkxhnkj ls iwNk dh D;k os mUgssaa dksbZ ,slk gksVy crk ldrs gSa tgk¡ eqÝr esa
[kkuk feysA ijsVks us ;g blfy;s iwNk fd os ml 'kgj esa vtuch FksA Hkkxhnkj us rikd ls mÙkj fn;k% dgha Hkh

,slk gksVy rks ugha feysxk tks eqÝr esa [kkuk ns nsosA gk¡] ;g vo'; gS fd fdlh gksVy esa lLrk [kkuk fey tk;xk
vkSj fdlh esa eg¡xkA vc ijsVks osQ cksyus dh ckjh Fkh% ¶;gh rks lekt'kkL=k dk fl¼kUr gSA¸ dgus dk rkRi;Z
;g gS fd vFkZ'kkL=k dks ,d izR;{koknh foKku cukus esa ijsVks dk ;ksxnku vewY; gSA mUgksaus jktuhfrd vFkZ'kkL=k
ij 1896&97 esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ iqLrd fy[khA blosQ ckn lu~ 1906 esa mUgksaus vFkZ'kkL=k dk ,d esU;qy Hkh rS;kj
fd;kA lekt'kkL=k esa mudh iqLrd fn lksf'kfyLV flLVe (The Socialist Systems) ,d 'kkL=kh; xzUFk gSA
blosQ ckn fVªVkbt vkWu tujy lksf'k;ksyksth (Treatise on General Sociology–1916) izdkf'kr gqbZA bl
iqLrd dk vaxzsth vuqokn U;w;koZQ ls ekbUM ,.M lkslkbVh (Mind and Society) osQ uke ls 1935 esa
izdkf'kr gqvkA ;g iqLrd pkj [k.Mksa esa fudyh gSA lkekU;r;k ;g iqLrd fVªVkbt osQ uke ls tkuh tkrh gSA

VkLd ijsVks us lekt'kkL=kh; fo'ys"k.k esa fdu pjksa dk foLrkj ls vè;;u fd;k gS\

fVªVkbt esa ijsVks us iztkrkfU=kd O;oLFkk ij dVq O;aX; fd;s gSaA bu O;aX;ksa us gh eqlksfyuh dks ijsVks dh vksj
vkdf"kZr fd;kA ;g blh iqLrd osQ dkj.k gS fd eqlksfyuh tc lÙkk esa vk;s rc mUgksaus ijsVks dks bVyh dh lhusV
dh lnL;rk osQ fy;s euksuhr fd;kA ;g nwljh ckr gS fd ijsVks us bls Lohdkj ugha fd;kA

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