Page 241 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_ENGLISH

Unit 30: Demographic Dimensions of the Family and Marriage System

Notes
in west Bengal, 859 / km in Kerla, 1102/ km in Bihar, 828 in UP, 573 / km in Haryana. Lowest
population density is in Arunachal Pradesh with 17 person, Mizoram shows 52 / km, Nagaland
its 119 / km, Sikkim it is 86 per km and Manipur its 122 people / km. Density of population
shows variations among states in India.

Life Expectancy

The meaning of life expectancy is, age of living years, which is expected at the time of birth.
Average age of Indians were 24 years in 1941, which increased to 32.1 years in 1951 to 63.5 years
in 2007. Average age increased due to growth in education, medical facilities and living standard.

Age Structure
Important information can be available from the age structure of any country; such as, number
of school going, work force and number of voters etc. According to 2001 census, 0–14 year group
is 41%, this percentage shows that in this country dependents are many. 60 and above years
percentage is 7.28, it means 44.5% population contributes only children and old, rest 62.45 is into
15–59 years and constitute nations 39% workable population.

To promote production of goods and bring prosperity, it is necessary to
increase percentage of workable population.

Sex Ratio

Sex ratio or men-women ratio in the population of any country is very important. It effects mar-
riage rate, child’s birth and death rate. According to 2001 census, male population is 62.37 cr and
female population is 58.64 cr. It shows per 1000 male/female are 940, which was 933 in 2001. In
Kerala, per 1000 male/female are 1084 which is highest in Kerala and lowest in Haryana, with
1000 male/877 female data. In Jammu Kashmir per 1000 male / female population is 883, in
Sikkim it is 889 male per 1000, in Punjab is 893 / 1000 male, in Uttar Pradesh 908/1000 male.
Sex ratio data shows between rural and urban areas. In urban areas it is 859/1000 male while
952/1000 make in rural areas. Some socio reasons prevails why female population is low here,
i.e., more birth of male infants, no proper care for girl child during childhood, child marriage
and getting pregnant at tender age, death at the time of delivery of child etc.

Religion

People of India, follows many religions. Indian society is compounded by Hindu, Muslim,
Christian, Jain, Sikh, Budha, Jews. According to 2001 census, the percentage of people following
different religion were – Hindu 82,75%, Muslim 13.81%, Christian 2.40%, Sikh 1.92%, Budha
0.79%, Jain 0.42% and others 0.66%.

Language
India is a country of many languages. Indians use 1,652 languages and dialects. You can
divide language into two: firstly, Dravid languages; as Tamil, Telgu, Kannada, Malyalam, etc.
Secnodly, Indo Aryan languages; as Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, Magadhi, Rajasthani, Punjabi,
Udiya etc. Indian constitution registered 22 languages, every language has its own linguistics.
Hindi has got first position among these.Except there 22 Languages Malvi, Bhojpuri, Marvadi
and Pahadi languages are important, many people use them.

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