Page 243 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_ENGLISH

Unit 30: Demographic Dimensions of the Family and Marriage System

Rural and Urban Population Notes
At present, one among 4 persons lives in city. According to census 2001, 27.8% lives in cities
while 72.2% live in rural areas. Table shows, rural and urban population trends between 1921
to 2001.

Year Rural population (%) Urban population (%)
1921 88.8 11.3
1931 88.0 12.0
1941 86.1 13.9
1951 82.7 17.3
1961 82.0 18.0
1971 80.1 19.9
1981 76.3 23.7
1991 74.3 25.7
2001 72.2 27.8
Table states that, urbanization is increasing rapidly. Annual rate of growth was 3.83 percent in
1971–81 decade. Which reduced to 3.09% in 1981–91. In the decade 1991–2001 urbanisation was
2.83%. India’s most populated city is Mumbai with 1.26 cr population. Kolkata is on second
place its population is 1.02 cr. Delhi comes on third with 93.2 lakhs people, Chennai on fourth
with 43.3 lakh people. According to 2001census, there is 5,161 sand cities in the country, with
26.8 cr of total population. Census department defines a place, as “a city” with 5 thousands
people or above, and less than is a village” cities with total population 10 lakhs and more were
12 in 1981, 23 in 1991, 35 in 2001.

Population of Scheduled Castes and Tribes
According to 2001 census, the population of Scheduled Caste was 16.65% cr and Scheduled
Tribes was 8.35 cr. It shows that, 24.46% of the total population of country is contributed by
scheduled castes and tribes only. Biggest population of Scheduled Castes is in Uttar Pradesh
(3.51 cr) than in West Bangal, Bihar, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajas-
than. Most tribal population live in Madhya Pradesh (1.22 cr). In Hariyana, Jammu and Kash-
mir, Puajab and union territory-Chandigarh and in Delhi, no tribe community lives.

Population Explosion in India
We studied, statistics of population growth in different decades. Along with we had analysis
birth rate, death rate and residence and non-residence facts. All these facts shows that in India
population is increasing rapidly yearly, which affected our economic development, administra-
tion, social welfare, etc. India is second most populated country of the world.

Growing population, increased unemployment and poverty. This is why, it is
said that it is state of population explosion in India. Its consequences would be
dangerous if not prevented in time.

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