Page 111 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

ukrsnkjh dk lekt'kkL=k

uksV 2- ,d&fookgh ifjokjksa esa --------- dh la[;k de ikbZ tkrh gSA
---------
3- ,d&fookg dh bu dfe;ksa dh esa blls gksus okys ykHk vf/d gSaA

2- cgq&fookg (Polygamy)
tc ,dkfèkd iq#"k vFkok fL=k;ka fookg cUèku esa caèkrs gSa rks ,sls fookg dks cgq&fookg dgrs gSaA cgq&fookg
osQ izeq[k pkj :i ik;s tkrs gSaµcgqifr fookg] cgqiRuh fookg] f}&iRuh fookg ,oa lewg fookgA ge ;gk¡ budk
la{ksi esa mYys[k djsaxsA
(v) cgqifr fookg (Polyandry)

cgqifr fookg dks ifjHkkf"kr djrs gq, MkW- fjolZ fy[krs gSa] ¶,d L=kh dh dbZ ifr;ksa osQ lkFk fookg lEcUèk
cgqifr fookg dgykrk gSA
fepsy (Mitchell) fy[krs gSa] ¶,d L=kh }kjk ifr osQ thfor gksrs gq, vU; iq#"kksa ls Hkh fookg djuk ;k ,d
le; ij gh nks ls vfèkd iq#"kksa ls fookg djuk cgqifr fookg gSA¸
MkW- dikfM+;k osQ vuqlkj] ¶cgqifr fookg ,d izdkj dk lEcUèk gS ftlesa ,d L=kh osQ ,d le; esa ,d ls
vfèkd ifr gksrs gSa ;k ftlesa lc HkkbZ ,d iRuh ;k ifRu;ksa dk lfEefyr :i ls miHkksx djrs gSaA¸
Li"V gS fd cgqifr fookg esa ,d L=kh dk ,dkfèkd iq#"kksa ls oSokfgd lEcUèk LFkkfir gksrk gSA vfr
izkphu dky ls gh Hkkjr esa cgqifr izFkk dk izpyu jgk gS] ;|fi ;g izpyu lhfer ek=kk esa gh jgk gSA oSfnd
lkfgR; esa cgqifr izFkk dh l[r eukgh Fkh] fdUrq egkHkkjr dky esa ,sls fookgksa osQ dqN mnkgj.k ik;s tkrs gSaA
nzksinh dk fookg ikap ik.Mo Hkkb;ksa ls gqvk Fkk] fdUrq bls fu;e u ekudj ,d vklkèkkj.k ?kVuk gh ekuk tkrk
gSA nzfoM+ laLÑfr osQ ekykokgh yksxksa esa cgqifr fookg dk izpyu jgk gSA MkW- lDlsuk dk er gS fd nf{k.k esa
dqN izkx&nzfoM+ lkaLÑfrd lewgksa esa Hkh cgqifrRo dh izFkk jgh gSA ;g izFkk nsgjknwu osQ tkSulkj] ckcj] ijxuk]
x<+oky rFkk f'keyk dh igkfM+;ksa esa jgus okys [kl jktiwrksa] uhyfxfj dh igkfM+;ksa esa jgus okys VksMk ,oa dksVk
yksxksa] yík[kh cksVk] enzkl osQ fr;ku ,oa bjkok] ekykckj osQ uk;j] gjkoku rFkk dEikyk] dEcsy] dqxZokfl;ksa
,oa dqN le; iwoZ rd NksVk ukxiqj dh laFkky ,oa eè; Hkkjr dh mjkao tutkfr esa izpfyr jgh gS] fdUrq
orZeku esa èkhjs&èkhjs bl izdkj osQ fookg dk izpyu lekIr gksrk tk jgk gSA
cgqifr fookg osQ Hkh nks :i ik;s tkrs gSaµ(i) Hkzkr`d cgqifr fookg] ,oa (ii) vHkzkr`d cgqifr fookgA
(i) Hkzkr`d cgqifr fookg (Fraternal or Adelphic Polyandry)µtc nks ;k nks ls vfèkd HkkbZ feydj
fdlh ,d L=kh ls fookg djrs gSa vFkok lcls cM+k HkkbZ fdlh ,d L=kh ls fookg djrk gS vkSj vU; HkkbZ Lor%
gh ml L=kh osQ ifr ekus tkrs gSa rks bl izdkj osQ fookg dks Hkzkr`d cgqifr fookg dgrs gSaA Hkzkr`d cgqifr fookg
dk izpyu [kl] VksMk ,oa dksVk yksxksa rFkk iatkc osQ igkM+h Hkkxksa] yík[k] dkaxM+k ftyk osQ Lihrh vkSj ykgksy
ijxuksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA [kkl yksxksa esa lcls cM+k HkkbZ gh fookg djosQ L=kh ykrk gS vkSj 'ks"k HkkbZ Lor% gh mlh
L=kh osQ ifr cu tkrs gSaA uhyfxfj ioZr osQ VksMk yksxksa esa Hkh Hkzkr`d cgqifr fookg dk izpyu gSA MkW- fjolZ
dk dguk gS fd dHkh&dHkh lxs Hkkb;ksa osQ LFkku ij laxks=kh HkkbZ feydj Hkh ,d L=kh ls fookg dj ysrs gSaA
(ii) vHkzkr`d cgqifr fookg (Non-Fraternal Adelphic Polyandry)—bl izdkj osQ fookg esa ifr
ijLij HkkbZ ugha gksrs gSaA L=kh ckjh&ckjh ls leku vofèk osQ fy, izR;sd ifr osQ ikl jgrh gSA ;g izFkk VksMk
rFkk uk;jksa esa ik;h tkrh gSSA
cgqifr fookg dks ge ekr`i{k ,oa fir`i{k nksuksa ls tksM+ ldrs gSaA VksMk] [kl ,oa dksVk] vkfn esa fir`i{kh;
cgqifr izFkk dk izpyu gS ftlls L=kh fookg osQ ckn ;k rks ifr;ksa osQ lkewfgd fuokl ij tkdj jgrh gS ;k
ckjh&ckjh ls lHkh ifr;ksa osQ ikl dqN le; osQ fy, jgrh gSA ekr`i{kh; cgqifr fookgh ifjokj esa L=kh viuh
eka osQ ifjokj esa ;k ewy fuokl&LFkku ij gh jgrh gS vkSj ifr gh ckjh&ckjh ls ogka fuokl osQ fy, vkrs jgrs
gSaA ;g izFkk ekr`oa'kh; uk;j yksxksa esa ik;h tkrh gSA

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