Page 165 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

ukrsnkjh dk lekt'kkL=k

uksV dgk tk, ;k fuEu fdlh&u&fdlh izdkj dk ikfjokfjd laxBu vfuok;Zr% ik;k tkrk gSA 'kkjhfjd vko';drkvksa
,oa dkeokluk dh iwfrZ us gh ifjokj dks tUe fn;kA ifjokj gh uotkr f'k'kqvksa ,oa xHkZorh ekrkvkass dh ns[kHkky
djrk gS] ;kSu lEcUèkksa ,oa lUrkuksRifÙk dk fu;eu dj mUgsa lkekftd ekU;rk iznku djrk gSA ;g HkkokRed
?kfu"Brk dk okrkoj.k iznku dj cPps osQ leqfpr ykyu&ikyu] lekthdj.k vkSj f'k{k.k esa ;ksx nsrk gSA ;gh
ugha] cfYd ifjokj vius lnL;ksa dh lkekftd] èkkfeZd] vkfFkZd] lkaLÑfrd vkSj jktuhfrd vko';drkvksa dh
iwfrZ esa Hkh ;ksx nsrk gSA

20-1 ifjokj dk vFkZ] ifjHkk"kk ,oa izÑfr
(Meaning Definition and Nature of Family)

ifjokj u;s izkf.k;ksa dks tUe nsdj e`R;q ls fjDr gksus okys LFkkuksa dks Hkjrk gS rFkk lekt dh fujUrjrk cuk;s
j[krk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ifjokj ekuo osQ lkFk izkjEHk ls gh gSA eSfyuksoLdh dgrs gSa fd ¶ifjokj gh ,d
,slk lewg gS ftls euq"; i'kq voLFkk ls vius lkFk yk;k gSA¸ ejMkWd us 250 vkfne ifjokjksa dk vè;;u djus
ij ik;k fd dksbZ Hkh lekt ,slk ugha Fkk ftlesa ifjokj :ih laLFkk vuqifLFkr gksA ifjokj dh voèkkj.kk dks
Li"V le>us osQ fy, ge mlosQ vFkZ ,oa ifjHkk"kk ij ;gk¡ fopkj djsaxsA
‘Family’ 'kCn dk mn~xe ySfVu 'kCn ‘Famulus’ ls gqvk gS] tks ,d ,sls lewg osQ fy, iz;qDr gqvk gS ftlesa
ekrk&firk] cPps] ukSdj vkSj nkl gksaA lkèkkj.k vFkks± esa fookfgr tksM+s dks ifjokj dh laKk nh tkrh gS] fdUrq
lekt'kkL=kh; n`f"V ls ;g ifjokj 'kCn dk lgh mi;ksx ugha gSA ifjokj esa ifr&iRuh ,oa cPpksa dk gksuk
vko';d gSA buesa ls fdlh Hkh ,d osQ vHkko esa ge mls ifjokj u dgdj x`gLFk (Household) dgsaxsA ;g
lEHko gS fd ifjokj ,oa x`gLFk osQ lnL; ,d gh gksaA izR;sd ifjokj ,d x`gLFk Hkh gS] fdUrq lHkh x`gLFkh
ifjokj ugha gSaA ifjokj dh ifjHkk"kkvksa esa ;g ckr vkSj Hkh Li"V gks tk;sxhA fofHkUu fo}kuksa us ifjokj dks bl
izdkj ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gSµ
eSdkboj ,oa ist osQ vuqlkj] ¶ifjokj i;kZIr fuf'pr ;kSu lEcUèk }kjk ifjHkkf"kr ,d ,slk lewg gS tks cPpksa
osQ tuu ,oa ykyu&ikyu dh O;oLFkk djrk gSA¸
MkW- nqcs osQ vuqlkj] ¶ifjokj esa L=kh vkSj iq#"k nksuksa dks lnL;rk izkIr jgrh gS] muesa ls de&ls&de nks foijhr
;kSu O;fDr;ksa dks ;kSu lEcUèkksa dh lkekftd LohÑfr jgrh gS vkSj muosQ lalxZ ls mRiUu lUrku ifjokj dk
fuekZ.k djrs gSaA¸
ejMkWd osQ vuqlkj] ¶ifjokj ,d ,slk lkekftd lewg gS ftlosQ y{k.k lkekU; fuokl] vkfFkZd lg;ksx vkSj
tuu gSaA blesa nks fyaxksa osQ ckfyx 'kkfey gSa ftuesa de&ls&de nks O;fDr;ksa }kjk LohÑr ;kSu lEcUèk gksrk gS
vkSj ftu ckfyx O;fDr;ksa esa ;kSu lEcUèk gS] muosQ vius ;k xksn fy;s gq, ,d ;k vfèkd cPps gksrs gSaA¸
ywlh es;j osQ vuqlkj] ¶ifjokj ,d x`gLF; lewg gS ftlesa ekrk&firk vkSj lUrku lkFk&lkFk jgrs gSaA blosQ
ewy :i esa nEifr vkSj mldh lUrku jgrh gSA¸
mi;qZDr ifjHkk"kkvksa ls Li"V gS fd fo}kuksa us ifjokj dks fofHkUu n`f"Vdks.kksa ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gSA ifjokj ,d
lewg] ,d la?k vkSj ,d laLFkk osQ :i esa lekt esa fo|eku gSA izR;sd lekt esa ifjokj osQ nks i{k Li"V gSa
,d lajpukRed (Structural) ,oa nwljk izdk;kZRed (Functional)A vius ewy :i esa ifjokj dh lajpuk
ifr&iRuh vkSj cPpksa ls feydj cuh gksrh gSA bl n`f"V ls izR;sd ifjokj esa de&ls&de rhu izdkj osQ lEcUèk
fo|eku gksrs gSaµ
(i) ifr&iRuh osQ lEcUèk (Husband-wife relations)

(ii) ekrk&firk ,oa cPpksa osQ lEcUèk (Parents-children relations)
(iii) HkkbZ&cfguksa osQ lEcUèk (Siblings relations)

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