Page 258 - DSOC404_METHODOLOGY_OF_SOCIAL_RESEARCH_HINDI

lkekftd 'kks/ dh i¼fr

uksV (2) blosQ i'pkr~ izFke vko`fÙk dks NksM+dj nwljh ckj fiQj nks&nks osQ tksM+s ysdj mlosQ ;ksx dks
dkye 3 esa fy[kk tk;sxkA tSls mijksDr lkj.kh esa izFke vko`fÙk 4 gS] rks mls NksM+dj vkxs dh
vko`fÙk;ksa dk nks&nks dk tksM+k vFkkZr~~ 2 + 5 = 7 vkfn dkye 3 esa fy[ksaxsA blesa Hkh ;fn
var esa tksM+k ugha x;k rks mls NksM+ nsaxsA
(3) mlosQ ckn vko`fÙk;ksa osQ rhu&rhu osQ tksM+s ysdj mudk ;ksx dkye 4 esa fy[ksaxs] tSls 4 +
7 + 3 = 14] 2 + 5 + 9 = 16 bR;kfnA ,slk djrs gq, ;fn var esa rhu dk tksM+k ugha
curk] vFkkZr~ vko`fÙk osQoy ,d ;k nks gh jg tkrh gS] rks mls NksM+ fn;k tk;sxkA
(4) blosQ ckn izFke vko`fÙk dks NksM+dj fiQj rhu&rhu osQ tksM+s ysdj mldk ;ksx dkye 5 esa fy[kk
tk;sxk tSls 7 + 3 + 2 = 12 vkfnA blesa Hkh ;fn var esa rhu&rhu dk tksM+k ugha curk gS]
rks mls NksM+ fn;k tk;sxkA
(5) blosQ ckn izFke nks vko`fÙk;ksa dks NksM+dj rhljh ckj fiQj rhu&rhu osQ tksM+s ysdj mlosQ ;ksx
dks dkye 6 esa fy[kk tk;sxk tSls 3 + 2 + 5 = 10] 9 + 8 + 3 = 20 vkfnA blesa Hkh
;fn var esa rhu&rhu dk tksM+k u cu ik;s rks mls NksM+ nsaxsA
(6) rRi'pkr~ fo'ys"k.k djrs le; dkye 1 ls dkye 6 rd dh vko`fÙk;ksa dks è;ku esa j[kuk gksxkA
dkye 1 esa tks vko`fÙk lcls vfèkd gksxh] fo'ys"k.k djrs le; dkye 7 esa mlosQ lkeus ,d
fu'kku yxk;saxsA mnkgj.kkFkZ] dkye 1 esa 9 vko`fÙk lcls vfèkd gS] vr% 9 osQ lkeus dkye
7 esa ,d fu'kku yxk;saxsA blosQ ckn dkye 2] 3] 4] 5] 6 esa ftu vko`fÙk;ksa dk ;ksx lcls
vfèkd gksxk vkSj og tksM+ dkye 1 esa fn;s x;s ftu vko`fÙk;ksa osQ lkeus dkye 7 esa ,d&,d
fu'kku yxk;saxsA mnkgj.kkFkZ] dkye 2 esa ;ksx 14 lcls vfèkd gS vkSj ;g ;ksx dkye 1 osQ
5 vkSj 9 dk gS] blfy;s 5 vkSj 9 osQ vkxs dkye 7 esa ,d&,d fu'kku yxk;saxsA mlh izdkj
dkye 3 esa ;ksx 17 lcls vfèkd gS vkSj ;g ;ksx dkye 1 osQ 9 vkSj 8 dk gS] blfy;s 9
vkSj 8 osQ vkxs dkye 7 esa ,d&,d fu'kku yxk;k tk;sxkA
(7) bl izdkj fo'Yks"k.k djus osQ i'pkr~ dkye 7 esa ftl vko`fÙk osQ lkeus vfèkd fu'kku gksaxs]
mldk tks in&ewY; ;k eku (Value) gksxk] ogh gekjk cgqyd gksxkA mnkgj.kkFkZ] mijksDr lkj.kh
esa fo'ys"k.k okys dkWye esa lokZfèkd 6 fu'kku 9 vko`fÙk osQ lkeus yxk;s x;s gSaA vr% 9 dk
ewY; tksfd mijksDr lkj.kh esa 35 gS] ogh cgqyd gksxkA

v[kf.Mr Js.kh dk cgqyd (Mode of Continuous Series)

v[kf.Mr Js.kh dk cgqyd ekywe djus osQ fy;s lcls igys fujh{k.k }kjk ml oxkZUrj (class interval)
dk irk yxkuk pkfg;s ftlesa cgqyd fLFkr gSA ;fn cgqyd ,d ls vfèkd gS ;k fujh{k.k }kjk cgqyd
dk irk ugha py jgk gS rks mijksDr fofèk] tSlk fd lkj.kh esa fn[kk;k x;k gS] ls cgqyd osQ oxkZUrj
dk irk yxkuk pkfg;sA rRi'pkr~ fuEufyf[kr lw=k }kjk cgqyd Kkr djuk pkfg,A
f − f
Mo = L + 1 × i
2 f − f − f
1 2
bl lw=k esaµ
Mo = cgqyd
L = cgqyd oxkZUrj dh fuEu lhek

i = cgqyd oxkZUrj dh mPpre vkSj fuEure lhekvksa dk varj
f = cgqyd oxkZUrj dh vko`fÙk

252 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY