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Unit 2: Evolution of Management Thought

2.12 Keywords Notes

Administrative Management: Concerned with the determination of policies.
Behavioral Science Approach: This approach utilizes methods and techniques of social science,
which emphasizes on motivation, individual drives, group relations, leadership, group dynamics
and so forth.

Bureaucracy: A form of rational organisation characterized by division of labour, specialization,
structure, impersonal relations, competence of personnel etc.
Classical theory: It concentrates on the structure of the organisation for the achievement of
organisational goals and certain principles of management.
Contingency approach: It is concerned with the analysis of interaction of specific organisations
with their external environment and the adoption of structure to meet the requirements of the
situation.
Human relationists: The neo-classical writers were instrumental in creating a new image of
man and the work place.

Neo-classical Theory: This approach emphasizes on the importance of social and psychological
factors in determining workers' productivity and satisfaction.

Operational approach: It regards management as a universally applicable body of knowledge
that can be brought to bear at all levels of managing and in all types of enterprises.
Scientific management: It emphasizes efficiency of lower levels of organisation.

Systems approach: It is based on the generalization that an organisation is an open system
composed on inter-related and inter-dependent elements.

2.13 Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
1. As per the classical theory, organisations were……………….and humans the………………..
2. The classical theorists argued that the relationship between organisation and workers
could be establish through………………communication.
3. Classical thought of management was divided into two parts namely ………………… and
……………………

4. ………………… is called the father of scientific management.
5. The concept of division of work into sub-parts and then allotting these tasks among the
workers was known as …………………..

6. Strict adherence to rules and regulations of regulations of business was the main point of
………………………
7. Human Relations Theory was led by ……………….

8. ……………….. approach integrated all the elements for the proper and smooth functioning
of the organisation.
9. A situation where output of each unit in an organisation becomes inputs for another such
as in production and maintenance divisions is referred to as …………………..

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