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Corporate Legal Framework

4. Prescribing methods to be adopted for securing adequate ventilation and cooling of the
air in the workroom.

Overcrowding

The Factories Act, 1948 prescribes that no room of any factory shall be overcrowded to the extent
that it is injurious to the health of the workers. In every work-room, each worker should be
provided with a minimum space of 9.9 cubic meters.

Lighting

Section 17 (I) provides that in every part of the factory, where workers are working or passing,
there shall be provided and maintained sufficient and suitable lighting, natural, artificial or
both.

Drinking Water

Section 18 deals with the provisions relating to arrangements for drinking water in factories. In
every factory, effective arrangements shall be made to provide and maintain at suitable points
conveniently situated for all workers employed therein, a sufficient supply of wholesome
drinking water.
Conservancy Arrangements

In every factory, there shall be provided and maintained, separate arrangement for toilets for
male and female workers at convenient places. These should be adequately lighted, ventilated
and maintained in a clean sanitary condition.

Spittoons

Section 20 (1) lay down that in every factory, there shall be provided a sufficient number of
spittoons in convenient places. They shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition.

12.4.2 Welfare Measures

(A) Washing and Sitting Facilities: In every factory, adequate and suitable separate facilities
for washing, conveniently situated, should be provided and maintained for the use of
both male and female workers. The above facilities provided for the use of female workers,
should be adequately screened in order to provide privacy to female workers.
(B) The Facilities of First Aid Appliances and Ambulance Room: The occupier of factory is
required to provide the facility of first aid boxes to be made use of by the workers in an
emergency. The first aid boxes or cupboards should be readily accessible and equipped
with the prescribed contents. The number of boxes and cupboards should not be less than
one for every 150 workers ordinarily employed at any time in a factory. Each first aid box
or cupboard should be kept in the charge of a separate responsible person who holds a
certificate in first aid treatment recognized by the State Government and readily available
to workers during the working hours of the factory.
In every factory where more than 500 workers are ordinarily employed, there should be
provided and maintained an ambulance room of the prescribed size, containing the
prescribed equipment and in the charge of qualified medical and nursing staff as prescribed
and the above facilities should be made available during the working hours of the factories.

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