Page 264 - DCAP310_INTRODUCTION_TO_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE_AND_EXPERT_SYSTEMS

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems

Notes 14.4 Knowledge System Building Tools

In the best performance management systems, actions and results are logically related to one
another by a theory of causality, or “logic model.” Potential measures come from understanding
the purpose of the organization and what is being done to accomplish the organization’s mission.
Logic models are a useful tool for this. Agencies exist to carry out certain lines of business or
activities. Each activity is accomplished through a business process.

Example: The Human Trafficking Reporting System (HTRS) is a secured, online
performance measurement portal. The HTRS collects data on suspected human trafficking
incidents, offenders, and victims from DOJ-funded human trafficking task forces. These task
forces can encompass cities, regions, territories, or states. Information collected includes incident
status, type of human trafficking, lead investigating agency, number of known victims, number
of known offenders, whether the case was confirmed as human trafficking, the demographic
characteristics of offenders and victims, case processing information of offenders, and victim
service provision information.

The various learning and their meaning are written below whose knowledge may be measured:
Perceptual learning – ability to learn to recognize stimuli that have been seen before.
Stimulus-response learning – ability to learn to perform a particular behavior
when a certain stimulus is present.

Motor learning – establishment of changes within the motor system
Relational learning – involves connections between different areas of the association
cortex.

Spatial learning – involves learning about the relations among many stimuli
Episodic learning – remembering sequences of events that we witness
Observational learning – learning by watching and imitation other people

14.4.1 ES Building Tools on the Market

An expert system tool, or shell, is a software development environment containing the basic
components of expert systems. Associated with a shell is a prescribed method for building
applications by configuring and instantiating these components. Some of the generic components
of a shell are shown in Figure shown and described below. The core components of expert
systems are the knowledge base and the reasoning engine.

Figure 14.2: Basic Components of Expert System Tools

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