Page 287 - DMGT106_MANAGING_HUMAN_ELEMENTS_AT_WORK

Unit 13: Motivation and Morale

Notes
13.10 Morale
13.10.1 Morale and Productivity

13.10.2 Factors Determining Morale
13.10.3 Knowing the Prevailing Morale
13.11 Summary
13.12 Keywords

13.13 Review Questions
13.14 Further Reading

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:
• Define motivation

• Define leadership
• Discuss about characteristics and features of leadership
• Explain leadership styles and skills
• Understand the importance of leadership
• Explain the functions and types of leaders

• Discuss about leadership committee
• Describe group decision-making
• Explain morale

Introduction

If managers are asked to list the problems they face, employee motivation is likely to be near
the top. Motivation is one of the major concerns of scholars as well, because motivation is
closely related to the success of an individual, an organization, and a society. Through
motivational efforts, people realize their personal and organizational goals. Effective utilization
of human resources is a key to solving many organizational problems in this era of limited
availability of resources.
Motivating employees is a complex process. With advances in knowledge and financial
independence, this problem has become more severe. In addition to this, the scarcity of resources
in organizations acts as a constraint that hinders managers from motivating their employees.
In spite of these issues, managers still have the responsibility to motivate their employees to
attain organizational goals. To take up this responsibility, they should understand how and
why people are motivated to work in organizations and be aware of the principles and practices
of motivation. Companies that perform well are able to retain high performance employees
because they have found ways to keep everyone motivated. Motivation refers to the forces
within a person that affect his direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour.
Motivated employees are willing to exert a particular level of effort (intensity) for a certain
amount of time (persistence) towards a particular goal (direction).

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