Page 67 - DCAP609_CLOUD_COMPUTING

Cloud Computing

Notes The C3 arises from concerns over Cloud Computing, specifically controlled by vendors and lack
of environmental sustainability. The Community Cloud aspires to combine distributed resource
provision from Grid Computing (a form of distributed computing in which an organization be
it a business or university uses its existing computers to handle its own long-running
computational tasks) along with distributed control from Digital Ecosystems and sustainability
from Green Computing (Green computing, or green IT is the environmentally responsible and
eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. Green IT practices include the development
of environmentally sustainable production practices, energy efficient computers and improved
disposal and recycling procedures). Cloud computing combines these with the use cases of
Cloud Computing, while making greater use of self-management advances from Autonomic
Computing (which is a self-managing computing model and this system controls the functioning
of computer applications and systems without input from the user). Vendor Clouds were replaced
by shaping the underutilized resources of user machines to form a Community Cloud, with
nodes potentially fulfilling all roles of a consumer, producer and a coordinator.

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5.2.1 Conceptualization

The conceptualization of the Community Cloud is based on Cloud Computing, Grid Computing,
Digital Ecosystems, Green Computing and Autonomic Computing. A example for Cloud
Computing in the community that do not depend on Cloud vendors are Google Amazon or
Microsoft.

Community

The Community Cloud is a cloud infrastructure that is shared by several organisations and
supports a specific community that has shared concerns around mission, policy and compliance
considerations. Carrying with it a degree of economic scalability, without which there would be
diminished competition and potential stifling of innovation as risked in vendor Clouds.

Openness

Removing dependence on vendors makes the Community Cloud equal to vendor Clouds.
It therefore identifies a new dimension in the open versus proprietary struggle that has emerged
in data, code and standards. It still needs to be expressed in the arena of hosted services.

Vendors are just beginning to see the competitive advantages of providing community clouds,
and the earliest players so far have been providers that already have industry-specific products
and services. It is believed that community clouds becoming more widespread.

Identity

A community cloud operates to serve multiple organizations who have entered into sharing
arrangements with one or more cloud providers. Members of the participating organizations
may also collaborate on shared projects, which may lead them to exercise shared control over
virtual machines or other cloud-hosted resource instances. Software running in the cloud instances
may serve the community members or act on their behalf. For these reasons a framework for
identity and authorization is essential for community clouds.

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