Page 190 - DMGT209_QUANTITATIVE_TECHNIQUES_II

Unit 9: Attitude Measurement and Scaling Techniques

Sometimes, respondents might think that they belong to more than one category. This is because Notes
a sales personnel may be doing a sales job and therefore should be placed under the sales
category. Also, he may supervise the work of other sales executive(s). In this case, he is doing a
managerial function. Viewed in this context, he should be placed under the managerial category,
which has a different code. Therefore, he can only be put under one category, which is to be
decided. One way of deciding this could be to analyse “in which of the two functions does he
spend most time”?
Yet another scenario assumes that there is a salesman who is currently employed. Under the
column of ‘occupation’, he will tick it as sales, while under the current employment column, he
will mark unemployed. How does one codify this? Under which category should he be placed.
One of the solutions is to have a classification, such as employed salesman, unemployed salesman
to represent the two separate categories.
Questions Answers Codes
1. Do you own a vehicle Yes 1
No 2
2. What is your occupation Salaried S
Business B
Retired R
Technical T
Consultant C

Tabulation

Tabulation refers to counting the number of cases that fall into various categories. The results
are summarized in the form of statistical tables. The raw data is divided into groups and sub-
group(s). The counting and placing of data in a particular group and sub-group are done. The
tabulation involves:
(1) Sorting and counting
(2) Summarising of data
Tabulation may be of two types (1) simple tabulation (2) cross tabulation. In simple tabulation,
a single variable is counted. Cross-tabulation includes two or more variables, which are treated
simultaneously. Tabulation can be done entirely by hand or by machine, or by both hand and
machine.
The form in which tabulation is to be done is decided by taking into account (1) the purpose of
study and (2) the use of statistical tools e.g. mean, mode, standard deviation etc. Improper
tabulation may create difficulties in the use of these tools.

Sorting and Counting of Data

Sorting by manual method is as follows:

Sorting of data
Income ( ) Tally Mark Frequencies
1,000 |||| 5
1,500 |||| ||| 8
2,000 |||| |||| || 12
2,500 |||| |||| |||| | 16

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