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Pretty Bhalla, Lovely Professional University Unit 11: Work Motivation

Unit 11: Work Motivation Notes

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
11.1 What is Motivation?
11.2 Early Approach to Motivation
11.2.1 'Hierarchy of Needs' Theory
11.2.2 Theory X and Theory Y

11.2.3 Motivation-Hygiene Theory
11.3 Contemporary Theory of Motivation
11.3.1 ERG Theory
11.3.2 McClelland's Theory of Needs
11.3.3 Goal-setting Theory
11.3.4 Equity Theory
11.3.5 Expectancy Theory
11.4 Summary
11.5 Keywords

11.6 Self Assessment
11.7 Review Questions
11.8 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:

Know the early approaches to motivation
State Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Discuss McGregor's theory X and theory Y
Explain Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory of motivation and ERG theory

Realise McClelland's Theory of Needs
Discuss the Equity Theory and different strategies for resolving inequity
State the Expectancy Theory of motivation

Introduction

Motivation is the process of rousing and sustaining goal-directed behaviour. Motivation is one
of the more complex topics in organisational behaviour. Motivation comes from the Latin word
"movere" which means, "to move". Because motivation is an internal force, we cannot measure
the motivation of others directly. Instead, we typically infer whether or not other individuals
are motivated by watching their behaviour. For example, we might conclude that our manager

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