Page 59 - DLIS408_INFORMATION_TECHNOLOGY-APPLICATIONSL SCIENCES

Information Technology and Application

Notes 4.5 Summary
A database is an organized collection of data for one or more purposes, usually in digital form.
A database is typically organized according to general Data models that have been evolved
since the late 1960s.
The database concept has evolved since 1960s to ease increasing difficulties in designing,
building, and maintaining complex information systems (typically with many concurrent
end-users, and with a diverse large amount of data.
In the earliest database systems, efficiency was perhaps the primary concern, but it was
already recognized that there were other important objectives. One of the key aims was to
make the data independent of the logic of application programs, so that the same data
could be made available to different applications.
The Relational model was first proposed in 1970. Later it was insisted that applications
should search for data by content, rather than by following links.

4.6 Keywords

SQL : Structured Query Language is an standard language for manipulations.
DBMS : A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package with computer
programs that control the creation, maintenance, and use of a database.
ERM : Entity-Relationship Modeling (ERM) is a database modeling method, used to
produce a type of conceptual schema or semantic data model of a system, often
a relational database, and its requirements in a top-down fashion.
Normalization : Database Normalization is the process of organizing the fields and tables of a
relational database to minimize redundancy and dependency. It usually involves
dividing large tables into smaller (and less redundant) tables and defining
relationships between them.

4.7 Review Questions

1. Explain the meaning of database.
2. Describe the concept of database in few words.
3. Write a note on major purposes of data base.
4. Describe the evolution of database and DBMS technology.
5. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Database Management Systems.

Answers : Self Assessment
1. Database 2. Structured Query Language 3. (a)
4. (c) 5. False 6. True

4.8 Further Readings

Books Best Careers. U.S. News & World Report USnews.com.
BLS Inflation Calculator, BLS.gov.
Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2010-11 Edition.
McCook, Kathleen de la Peña. Introduction to Public Librarianship,p. 65. Neal
Schuman, 2011.

Online links http://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/database
www. wikipedia.com

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