Page 202 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—10: U;k;

dks ,d ,slk lqfuf'pr lS¼kfUrd vk/kj iznku djrk jgk gS tks mi;ksfxrkoknh /kj.kk dk LFkku ys losQ rFkk uksV
tks vk/qfud mnkjoknh iztkrkaf=kd dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dh vko';drkvksa osQ vuq:i gksA
jkWYl U;k; dks lHkh lkekftd laLFkkvksa dk loZizFke ,oa ekSfyd xq.k ekurs gSa vkSj bl ckr dk fo'ys"k.k djrs
gSa fd U;k; osQ fdu fl¼kUrksa dks loksZfpr Bgjk;k tk ldrk gSA ,slk djrs gq, og gkWCl ykWd vkSj :lks dh
Hkk¡fr lkekftd le>kSrs ij vk/kfjr U;k; osQ fl¼kUr dh jpuk djrs gSaA jkWYl osQ vuqlkj D;ksafd U;k; fdlh
Hkh lkekftd O;oLFkk dh uhao gS] vr% lHkh jktuhfrd vkSj oS/kfud fu.kZ; bu fu;eksa osQ varxZr gh fy, tkus
pkfg,A jkWYl osQ vuqlkj U;k; forj.k dk xq.k (Property of Distribution) gS vkSj bldk lEcU/ lekt
esa oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa osQ forj.k ls gSA jkWYl bu oLrqvksa dks ekSfyd inkFkZ (Primary Goods) dk uke nsrs
gSaA ;s nks izdkj osQ gksrs gSa%
(1) lkekftd inkFkZ (Social Goods): os inkFkZ tks lkekftd laLFkkvksa }kjk izR;{k :i ls forfjr fd;s
tkrs gSa] tSls osru] laifÙk] volj] HkkSfrd inkFkZ] vf/dkj] Lora=krk vkfn rFkk

(2) izkÑfrd inkFkZ (Natural Goods): tSls LokLF;] cqf¼] dkYifud 'kfDr] {kerk tks lkekftd
laLFkkvksa }kjk izR;{k :i ls forfjr ugha fd;s tkrs ijUrq muls izHkkfor vo'; gksrs gSaA
,d U;k;ksfpr lekt esa bu inkFkksZa dk forj.k oSQls gksrk gS] ;g bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd mudh vf/dkj
O;oLFkk] O+kQkuwu izfozQ;k rFkk in izfr"Bk vkfn esa U;k; osQ dkSu ls fl¼kUr ifjyf{kr gksrs gSaA

oqQN ewy ekU;rk,¡ (Some Basic Assumptions)
U;k; osQ ewy fl¼kUrksa dk o.kZu djus ls igys jkWYl oqQN ewy ekU;rkvksa dh O;k[;k djrk gS ftu ij è;ku
nsuk vko';d gSA igyh] jkWYl U;k; dh /kj.kk dk fodkl bl n`f"Vdks.k ls djrk gS fd lekt esa lHkh O;fDr
Lora=k ,oa leku gSA mudh ;g Lora=krk muosQ nks uSfrd fu;eksa osQ LokfeRo osQ lkFk tqM+h gqbZ gSµ(i) U;k; dh
le> dh {kerk (Capacity for a sense of justice) rFkk (ii) vPNkbZ dh vo/kj.kk (Conception of
good)A ^lekt osQ lEiw.kZ lg;ksxh lnL; osQ :i esa* jgus osQ fy, ;s fu;e ftl lhek rd miyC/ gS] mlh
lhek rd og lekt leku gSaA bldh vkSj O;k[;k djrs gq;s jkWYl fy[krk gS fd ^U;k; dh le>* dk vFkZ gS
^U;k; dh lkoZtfud /kj.kk] tks mfpr lg;ksx dh ek¡x djrh gS] dks le>us] ykxw djus rFkk mlosQ vuqlkj
dk;Z djus dh {kerk*A ;g le> ,d ,slh bPNk dh vfHkO;fDr djrh gS fd nwljksa osQ lkFk lEcU/ osQ lanHkZ
esa bl izdkj dk O;ogkj fd;k tk;s ftudk os Hkh lkoZtfud rkSj ij vuqeksnu dj losQA rFkk ^vPNkbZ dh
vo/kj.kk* esa og lc oqQN fufgr gS tks ekuo thou osQ fy, ewY;oku gSA lkekU;r% blesa mu lHkh vfUre
mís';ksa dks 'kfey fd;k tkrk gS tks ge vius fy, izkIr djuk pkgrs gSa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk nwljs yksxksa osQ lkFk
yxko rFkk vU; lewgksa rFkk leqnk;ksa osQ izfr fu"BkA
nwljk] jkWYl fu"i{krk osQ :i esa U;k; osQ fl¼kUr dks ,d ^jktuhfrd /kj.kk* (Political Concept) ekurk
gSA bl izdkj dh /kj.kk dh rhu fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa% (i) ;g ,d uSfrd /kj.kk gS ftldk lEcU/ lekt osQ ewy <k¡psa
ls gS] vFkkZr~ lekt osQ eq[; lkekftd] vkfFkZd rFkk jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa ls] rFkk ;s lHkh feydj lkewfgd
lg;ksx dh ,d O;oLFkk esa fdl rjhosQ ls fiQV gks tk;s vkSj ,d ih<+h ls nwljh ih<+h rd pyrs jgsaA nwljk]
^lkoZtfud jktuhfrd laLÑfr* (Public Political Culture) esa vo/kj.kkvksa dk ,d ,slk usVooZQ mifLFkr
gksrk gS ftlesa ls jktuhfrd vo/kj.kk dh O;k[;k dh tk ldrh gS rFkk mldk vkSfpR; izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk
gSA rhljk] bldh fo"k;&oLrq oqQN ekSfyd fopkjksa osQ lanHkZ esa vfHkO;Dr gksrh gS ftls fdlh iztkrkaf=kd lekt
dh lkoZtfud jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa fufgr ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ;g lkoZtfud laLÑfr ,d laoS/kfud 'kklu
dh jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa rFkk bldh O;k[;kvksa dh lkoZtfud ijEijkvksa ls feydj curh gSA

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