Page 224 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—10: U;k;

lEcU/ dks tUe nsrk gS tks vuSfrd] 'kks"k.kdkjh vkSj vyxkooknh gksrk gSA osQoy ozQkafr osQ ckn ,d lektoknh uksV
lekt dk fuekZ.k djosQ] mRiknu osQ lk/uksa dks lkeqnkf;d fu;a=k.k osQ vUrxZr ykdj vkSj laifÙk dk lekuhdj.k
djosQ gh ,d U;k;iw.kZ lekt dh uhao j[kh tk ldrh gSA
ekDlZokn osQ vuqlkj lekt esa vU;k; dh ewy tM+ 'kks"k.k gS vkSj vk/qfud vkS|ksfxd lektksa esa ;g etnwj&oxZ
dk iw¡”khoknh&oxZ }kjk 'kks"k.k gSA iw¡thoknh jkT; dk lcls cM+k nks"k ;g gS fd ;g Je dks [kjhnus vkSj cspus
okyh oLrq cukdj bl 'kks"k.k dks U;k;laxr cukrk gSA ,d ekDlZoknh ys[kd dksgu osQ vuqlkj] ekDlZoknh roZQ
bl izdkj izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gS% (i) Jfed gh ,d ,slk O;fDr gS tks ,slh oLrq dk mRiknu djrk gS ftldk
dksbZ vkfFkZd ewY; gksrk gS] (ii) bl ewY; dk ,d va'k iw¡thifr ys tkrk gS_ (iii) vr% Jfed dks ml mRikn
osQ ewY; dk vis{kkÑr de fgLlk feyrk gS_ (iv) D;ksafd mRikn osQ ewY; dk ,d fgLlk iw¡thifr ys tkrk gSA
(ftl ij mldk vf/dkj ugha gS)] vr% Je dk iw¡thifr }kjk 'kks"k.k gksrk gSA Jfedksa dks iw¡thifr osQ ikl
dke djus osQ fy, e”kcwj gksuk iM+rk gSA Jfedksa osQ ikl mRiknu osQ lk/u ugha gksrs blfy, os viuh
jksth&jksVh laifÙk'kkyh oxZ osQ ikl dke djosQ gh dek ldrs gSaA vr% etnwjh lEcU/ ewyr% 'kks"k.kdkjh gksrk
gSA
'kks"k.k dh bl /kj.kk dks ,d vU; ekDlZoknh ys[kd jkseu us laifÙkghu oxZ }kjk ^mRiknu osQ lk/uksa vkSj ;a=kksa
rd vleku igq¡p* (Unequal access to the means of production) osQ lanHkZ esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gSA
blosQ vuqlkj oksV vf/dkj ls oafpr ukjh&tkfr] csdkj yksx] Jfed lHkh vU;k; osQ f'kdkj gksrs gSaA mRiknu
osQ lk/uksa rd bl vleku igq¡p dk ykHk iw¡thifr oxZ mBkrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr] iw¡thifr oxZ }kjk Jfed dk
'kks"k.k rLohj dk ,d igyw gS_ 'kks"k.k dk blls Hkh Hk;kud igyw og gS tgk¡ lekt osQ ,d cgqr cM+s Hkkx
dks viuk Je cspus ls gh oafpr fd;k tkrk gS tSls ukjh&tkfr] vijk/h] fHk[kkjh] csdkj yksx vkfnA ;g roZQ
Hkh ,d feF;k gS fd iw¡thoknh oxZ us viuh laifÙk esgur] ;ksX;rk vkSj le>nkjh ls cpr djosQ dek;h gSA
ekDlZ us bl ckr dks vPNh rjg Li"V dj fn;k Fkk fd laifÙk osQ bl lap; esa pksjh] MkosQ] gR;k] nklrk]
ca/qvk&e”knwjh vkSj jktuhfrd vkozQe.kksa us cgqr xgjh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA laifÙk dk ;g izkjafHkd vU;k;iw.kZ
lap; bl roZQ dks >qByk nsrk gS fd iw¡thifr vius ykHk dk mfpr gdnkj gS D;ksafd laifÙk fuos'k djosQ og
[krjk mBkrk gSA blosQ foijhr vlyh [krjk rks Jfed oxZ mBkrk gS ftls csdkjh] de osru] chekjh] dkj[kkuksa
esa vkdfLed nq?kZVukvksa vkfn dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA la{ksi esa] tc rd futh laifÙk vkSj ykHk dk izko/ku
jgsxk] cgqla[;d Jfed oxZ dks dksbZ U;k; ugha fey ldrkA
U;k; rFkk vyxko (Justice and Alienation)

;fn ekDlZoknh ys[kd futh laifÙk dks lekIr djuk pkgrs gSa rks mUgsa 'kks"k.k osQ vfrfjDr fdlh vU; vk/kj
dh Hkh vko';drk gSA ;gk¡ ekDlZ us ,d uSfrd roZQ izLrqr fd;k fd futh&laifÙk rFkk blosQ Åij vk/kfjr
mRiknu dk <kapk O;fDr osQ O;fDrRo rFkk {kerkvksa osQ laiw.kZ fodkl esa ck/d gSA futh laifÙk dh fo'ks"krk gS
fd ;g osQoy 'kks"k.kdkjh gh ugha gS ijUrq tks bl 'kks"k.k dk ykHk mBkrs gSa os Hkh viuh LokHkkfod ekuoh;
izÑfr ls vyx gks tkrs gSaA blosQ vfrfjDr futh laifÙk O;fDr dks vius Je] mRiknu] vius HkkbZ&ca/qvksa vkSj
izÑfr ls vyx dj nsrh gSA bl rjg osQ vyxkooknh vkSj ijk;s lekt esa U;k; dh ckr djuk gh vFkZghu gSA
ekDlZ dk fopkj Fkk fd lekt esa lzksrksa dk forj.k bl rjg ls gksuk pkfg, fd ;g ekuoh; {kerkvksa vkSj
oqQ'kyrkvksa esa fujarj o`f¼ dks izksRlkfgr djs vkSj ml thou izfozQ;k dks grksRlkfgr djs tks bu {kerkvksa esa ck/k
Mkyrh gSA bl fof'k"V dk;ZoqQ'kyrk dks ekDlZ us ^gekjh Lora=k :i ls jpukRed lgdkjh mRiknu djus dh
{kerk* (Our capacity for freely creative cooperative production) dk uke fn;kA mRiknu dh dksbZ
Hkh iz.kkyh tks gekjh bl {kerk dks {kh.k djrh gS] okLro esa O;fDr dks mldh LokHkkfod izÑfr ls vyx dj
nsrh gSA

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