Page 219 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr

uksV cksf>r lektksa osQ izfr fons'kh uhfr dks O;ofLFkr djus osQ fy, jkWYl rhu fn'kkfunZs'kksa dk o.kZu djrk gSA igyk]
,d lqO;ofLFkr lekt dk le`¼ gksuk vko';d ugha gS_ bls osQoy bruh U;wure iw¡th dh vko';drk gS fd
og viuh U;kf;d laLFkkvksa dks LFkkfir rFkk lajf{kr dj losQA nwljk] jktuhfrd rFkk lkekftd laLFkkvksa esa
lq/kj ykus osQ fy, jktuhfrd laLFkkvksa esa lq/kj ykus osQ fy, jktuhfrd laLÑfr ,d osQUnzhHkwr rÙo gSA fdlh
Hkh lekt osQ jktuhfrd ewY; muosQ vU; lHkh lalk/uksa ls vf/d egÙoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA vr% osQoy iSlk Hkstuk
dbZ ckj fujFkZd fl¼ gksrk gS vkSj jkWYl fdlh izdkj osQ gLr{ksi osQ Hkh fo#¼ gSA vr% mldk ekuuk gS fd
,d lqO;ofLFkr lekt dks osQoy ijke'kZ nsus rd lhfer jguk pkfg,A jkWYl bl ckr dks Lohdkj djrk gS fd
cksf>r lektksa dh jktuhfrd laLÑfr esa ifjorZu ykus dh dksbZ jkeck.k vkS"kf/ ugha gSA rhljk fn'kkfunsZ'k jkWYl
osQ vuqlkj ;g gS fd bu cksf>r lektksa dks Lo;eso izca/u dk volj nsuk pkfg, rkfd vUrrksxRok os ^yksxksa
osQ lekt* dh eq[;/kjk dk Hkkx cu losaQA
vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij vlekurk dks jkWYl leL;kewyd ugha ekurk vkSj mldk ;g Hkh ekuuk gS fd bls lekIr
djus osQ fy, jkT; ckè; ugha gSA jkT;ksa osQ lekt dh osQoy ,d ckè;rk lHkh osQ fy, ,d ewy U;wure Lrj
lajf{kr djus dh gSA ,d ckj ;g Lrj izkIr gks tkrk gS rks blosQ ckn fdlh izdkj dk vU; mÙkjnkf;Ro ugha
gSA vr% mÙkjnkf;Ro osQoy cksf>r lektksa dh lgk;rk osQ izfr gS tks izfrowQy ifjfLFkfr;ksa (pkgs os ,frgkfld
gks ;k izkÑfrd) osQ ifj.kkeLo:i ,d lqO;ofLFkr lekt dk fuekZ.k djus esa vleFkZ gSA lqO;ofLFkr lektksa
dk ,d vU; mÙkjnkf;Ro vU; lektksa esa ekuo vf/dkjksa osQ izfr lEeku izksRlkfgr djuk gS ftUgsa jkWYl fuokZg
rFkk lqj{kk vf/dkj osQ :i esa ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA os jk"Vª tks vius ukxfjdksa osQ vf/dkjksa dk lEeku djus
esa vliQy jgrs gSa] os fuokZflr jkT;ksa (outlawed states) dh Js.kh esa vkrs gSa vkSj tks lqO;ofLFkr jkT;ksa dks
dbZ izdkj osQ gLr{ksi osQ fy, izsfjr djrs gSa rkfd ekuo vf/dkjksa osQ izfr lEeku dks okil yk;k tk losQA
;fn ge bu nksuksa mÙkjnkf;Roksa dks bdV~Bk djas rks ;g Li"V gS fd oSf'od xjhch mUewyu dks jkWYl lHkh ns'kksa
dk lkewfgd dÙkZO; ekurk gS rFkkfi forj.kkRed U;k; osQ mÙkjnkf;Ro ij ,d egÙoiw.kZ lhek ;g nkok gS fd
blesa oSf'od vlekurk dks de djus ;k lekIr djus tSlk dksbZ mÙkjnkf;Ro ugha gSA
egÙoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd jkWYl dh oSf'od U;k; dh bl /kj.kk esa ‘A Theory of Justice’ esa fn;s x;s
forj.kkRed U;k; dk foLrkj ugha fd;k x;k gSA jkWYl osQ dbZ vkykspdksa dks vk'kk Fkh fd jkWYl oSf'od Lrj
ij Hkh Hksnewyd fl¼kUr (Differential Principle) dks ykxw djsxk ftleas le`¼ ns'k fu/Zure ns'kksa osQ
fodkl osQ fy, fo'odks"kh; fl¼kUr ykxw djus osQ fy, ckè; gksaxs ;k de ls de bu ns'kksa osQ fy, izkFkfed
inkFkks± dh vkiwfrZ vk'oLr djsaxsA ijUrq jkWYl ,d ^jk"Vªh; lekt* (national scoiety) rFkk ^yksxksa osQ lekt*
(society of peoples) esa vUrj djrs gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] ?kjsyw lekt (domestic society) esa vlekurk
jktuhfrd izfozQ;k esa ykaNu vFkok i{kikr dh rjiQ ys tk ldrh ijUrq ;s ,sls ljksdkj ugha gS tks vUrjkZ"Vªh;
lekt dks izHkkfor djrs gksA ;fn jktuhfrd laLÑfr] u fd izkÑfrd lalk/u] fdlh ns'k dh lEink dks fuf'pr
djrh gS] rks oSf'od iqu% forj.k dh vko';drk ugha gS rFkk ;g mu lektksa osQ fy, vuqfpr gksxk tks vius
lektksa dks lEink iSnk djus osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls O;ofLFkr ugha djrsA ;g le`¼ lektksa dk dÙkZO; rks gks ldrk
gS fd vU; yksxksa dh ewy vko';drkvksa dh vkiwfrZ dk vk'oklu ns] ijUrq /u osQ O;kid iqufoZrj.k dk dksbZ
vkSfpR; ugha gSA vr% oSf'od U;k; osQ lanHkZ esa jkWYl Lo;a dks vUrjkZ"Vªh; O+kQkuwu] ekuo vf/dkj rFkk
vUrjkZ"Vªh; laf/;ksa osQ vUrxZr mÙkjnkf;Roksa rd lhfer j[krs gSaA

oSf'od U;k; ij veR;Zlsu osQ fopkj (Amartya Sen on Global Justice)

veR;Zlsu osQ vuqlkj oS'ohdj.k osQ ykHk vkSj gkfu;ksa ij fpUru djrs le; U;k; dh vko';drk osQ ckjs esa
lkspuk vfuok;Z gSA bl roZQ osQ dbZ dkj.k fn;s tk ldrs gSa fd oS'ohdj.k ,d mÙke mís'; gS ijUrq blosQ ckjs

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