Page 216 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—10: U;k;

bl uo&mnkjoknh fopkj/kjk esa vfLFkjrk osQ dbZ rÙo gSa tSls (i) u;s mHkjrs ns'kksa esa foÙkh; vfLFkjrk] (ii) csdkjh uksV
,oa ukSdjhghu fodkl rFkk ukSdj'kkgh osQ dk;ksZa esa Lopkfyr ;a=kksa dk vf/dkf/d iz;ksx (automation),
(iii) lektksa osQ chp vlekurk ,oa xjhch] (iv) i;kZoj.k lEcU/h [krjs] (v) oSf'od Lrj ij vR;f/d vkiwfrZ
dk [krjk] (vi) cktkj rFkk jk"Vªh; iz'kklu osQ fgrksa esa fojks/kHkkl vkfnA ;s lHkh rÙo HkkSfrd ,oa lkekftd
oLrqvksa osQ vehj ,oa xjhc ns'kksa osQ chp mfpr forj.k ij iz'u fpg~u yxk nsrs gSaA
oqQN fo'ks"kKksa osQ vuqlkj mnkjhdj.k] futhdj.k rFkk eqDr O;kikj leL;k dk gy ugha gSA fdlh u fdlh izdkj
dk fu;eu cyoku rFkk fucZy nksuksa osQ fy, okaNuh; gksrk gSA blh rjg ;g Hkh ,d rF; gS fd fcuk VSDl
bdV~Bk fd;s lekt osQ ewyHkwr <k¡ps tSls f'k{kk] LokLF;] vkokl vkfn ls lEcfU/r lqfo/k;sa nsuk vlEHko gSA
okLro esa fcuk VSDl osQ lkoZtfud {ks=k gh yqIr gks tk;sxk] fcuk lkoZtfud {ks=k osQ jkT; dh oS/rk Hkh {kh.k
gks tk;sxk rFkk fcuk oS/rk osQ ekSfyd lqj{kk Hkh [krjs esa iM+ ldrh gSA okLro esa ,d rjiQ varjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk dks"k
rFkk fo'o cSad rFkk nwljh rjiQ la;qDr jk"Vª dh laLFkkvksa tSls UNDP, UNCTAD, UNICEF, UNESCO,
UNEP esa yxkrkj la?k"kZ py jgk gSA tgk¡ fo'o cSad rFkk fo'o eqnzkdks"k foÙk ,oa okf.kT; tSls dBksj fo"k;ksa
osQ lanHkZ esa ysu&nsu djrk gS] ogk¡ la;qDr jk"Vª dh laLFkkvksa dk lEcU/ lkekftd dY;k.k] f'k{kk] i;kZoj.k]
ekuoh; vf/dkj rFkk U;k; tSls dksey fo"k;ksa ls gSA
oSf'od Lrj ij vU;k; (Injustice at Global Level)

vkb;s vc ge oSf'od Lrj ij izpfyr vU;k; osQ ckjs esa oqQN Kku izkIr djsaA oSf'od Lrj ij vU;k; dbZ
vdj.k rFkk dj.k (omissions and commissions) =kqfV;ksa dk ifj.kke gSA igyk] vdj.k dkj.kksa esa]
oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk esa forj.kkRed <k¡pksa osQ ykHk] vU; osQ vykok] fofo/ laLFkkxr izca/ksa ij fuHkZj djrs gSa
tSls O;kikj le>kSrs] fpfdRld miozQe] 'kS{kf.kd vknku&iznku] ikfjfLFkr izksRlkgu] i;kZoj.k lhek,¡ rFkk
vrhr osQ rkuk'kkgh 'kkldksa }kjk fy, x;s Í.kksa dh vnk;xh osQ lkFk fu"i{k O;ogkjA nwljk] dj.k dkj.kksa ls
Hkh dbZ xEHkhj leL;k;sa iSnk gksrh gSa ftUgsa izkFkfed oSf'od U;k; izkIr djus osQ fy, lqy>k;k tkuk vko';d

gS tSls voqQ'ky rFkk vleku O;kikj lhek,¡ tks fu/Zu ns'kksa ls vehj ns'kksa dks fu;kZr ij ncko Mkyrh gS] isVsUV
O+kQkuwu tks thou j{kd nokvksa (tSls ,M~l) ij izfrcU/ yxkrs gSa_ gfFk;kjksa esa oSf'od O;kikj tks vkradokn dks
c<+kok nsrs gSaA LFkkuh; ;q¼ rFkk lSfud >xM+s osQoy {ks=kh; rukoksa dks ugha c<+krs os vL=kksa&'kL=kksa esa oSf'od
O;kikj dks Hkh c<+kok nsrs gSaA vL=k&'kL=kksa osQ vUrjkZ"Vªh; fu;kZr osQ 4@5 ls Hkh vf/d Hkkx osQ fy, dbZ lkyksa
rd G8 osQ ns'k ftEesokj jgs gSaA
oS'ohdj.k osQ ledkyhu Lo:i esa ijk&jk"Vªh; laLFkkxr izcU/ (transnational institutional arrange-
ment) O;fDr dh thou 'kSyh esa o`grj egÙo xzg.k djrs tk jgs gSaA iksxh osQ vuqlkj oS'ohdj.k osQ ckotwn
vlfy;r ;g gS fd orZeku oSf'od laLFkkxr O;oLFkk vR;f/d vU;k;iw.kZ gS D;kasfd ;g ifjgk;Z rhoz xjhch
iSnk djrh gSA yxHkx lEiw.kZ fo'o dh vk/h tula[;k (2700 fefy;u) vHkh Hkh fo'o cSad }kjk fu/kZfjr
2 Mkyj izfrfnu dh xjhch js[kk ls uhps th jgh gSA yxHkx 18 fefy;u yksx gj lky Hkw[kejh rFkk vU; xjhch
lEcfU/r chekfj;ksa dk f'kdkj gksrs gSA ;g vk¡dM+k oqQN okf"kZd e`R;qvksa dk rhljk fgLlk gSA bu vdky e`R;qvksa
dh lcls cM+h foMEcuk] tks bUgsa vU;k;iw.kZ cukrh gS] ;g gS fd buls cpk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd izfr O;fDr
oSf'od lkekftd mRiknu dh jkf'k 5000 Mkyj gS tks ,d xjhch dh js[kk ls Åij vkSlru x`gLFkh ls 20 xquk
vf/d gSA xjhch dh js[kk ls uhps th jgs lHkh 2700 fefy;u yksxksa dh lkewfgd vk; 2100 fcfy;u Mkyj
gS tks oqQN oSf'od mRikn dk osQoy 1-2 izfr'kr gSA blosQ foijhr vehj ns'kksa osQ ukxfjd] tks fo'o tula[;k
dk 16-1 gS] fo'o osQ 81% mRIkkn osQ ekfyd gSA egÙowi.kZ ckr ;g gS fd ;g rhoz xjhch de gks ldrh Fkh

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