Page 213 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

jktuhfrd fl¼kUr

uksV dksbZ vUrfuZfgr nks"k gS\ xjhcksa dh lgk;rk djuk D;k vehjksa dk dÙkZO; gS ;k ;g osQoy ,d nku vFkok
ijksidkj rd lhfer gS ftldh iz'kalk dh tk ldrh gS ijUrq tks uSfrd n`f"Vdks.k ls ”k:jh ugha vkSj ;fn xjhcksa
dh lgk;rk djuh Hkh gS rks fdruh] fdl lhek rdµ (i) bruh fd os viuh ekSfyd t:jrksa dks iwjk dj losaQ
;k (ii) bruh fd os ,d ekuo osQ :i esa lEekuiwoZd ftUnxh th losaQ ;k (iii) mruh nsj rd tc rd os vehjksa
osQ cjkcj u vk tk;sa\
3- oSf'od U;k; osQ vkn'kZ dks izkIr djus osQ fy, dkSu&lh laLFkk,¡ mÙke gksxh&D;k os jkT; gSa ;k leqnk; ;k
la?kh; bdkb;k¡] oSf'od foÙkh; laLFkk,¡ tSls fo'o cSad] vUrjkZ"Vªh; X + kSj&ljdkjh laxBu] cgqjk"Vªh; fuxe]
vUrjkZ"Vªh; U;k;ky; ;k ,d fo'o jkT;\ ;s gekjk leFkZu fdl izdkj izkIr djsasxs rFkk bu laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk
rFkk j[k&j[kko dh ftEesokjh fdldh gksxh\ fHkUu {ks=kh; bdkb;ksa osQ chp bu laLFkkvksa dk vknku&iznku fdruk
lgt gksxk\
oS'ohdj.k dh lcls cM+h pqukSrh uSfrd gS vFkkZr~ D;k if'pe osQ le`¼ ns'kksa dks vfodflr vkSj fodkl'khy
ns'kksa osQ misf{kr oxksZa] ijEijkvksa ,oa laLÑfr;ksa ij vf/d è;ku osaQfnzr djuk pkfg, ftuosQ lkFk budk viuk
Hkfo"; vfHkUu rjhosQ ls tqM+k gqvk gS ;k bUgsa osQoy buosQ izkÑfrd ,oa ekuoh; lalk/uksa osQ nksgu rd lhfer
jguk pkfg,A ;s fodYi o`gr oSf'od U;k; (global justice) dk iz'u [kM+k djrs gSaA vHkh rd U;k;]
Lora=krk] lekurk] vf/dkj tSls fo"k; fuf'pr Hkwfe osQ vUnj jk"Vª&jkT;ksa osQ vf/dkj {ks=k esa FksA ijUrq
oS'ohdj.k dh /kj.kk us bu ijEijkxr ekU;rkvksa dks ewyHkwr pqukSrh nh gSA oS'ohdj.k dk vfHkizk; lkekftd
lEcU/ksa esa xq.kkRed o`f¼ rFkk izlkj gSA ekuo thou osQ dbZ {ks=kksa esa vc jk"Vªh; rFkk varjkZ"Vªh; dk varj /q¡/yk
iM+rk tk jgk gSA ;fn ge iztkra=k rFkk U;k; dh /kj.kkvksa ij xaHkhjrk ls fopkj djsa rks ge ikrs gSa fd oS'ohÑr
lalkj osQ jk"Vªh; ,oa varjkZ"Vªh; {ks=k tfVy :i ls vkil esa tqM+ x;s gSaA vr% fo'o Lrj ij U;k; rFkk iztkra=k
dh deh jk"Vªh; Lrj ij budh miyfC/ dks Hkh izfrowQy izHkkfor dj ldrh gSA
U;k; osQ lanHkZ esa oS'ohdj.k dh lcls cM+h ijh{kk ;g gS fd D;k ;g Lora=krk esa o`f¼ djrk gS\ iztkra=k dks
izksRlkfgr djrk gS\ xjhc yksxksa dks xjhch ls fudyus dk volj nsrk gS\ vke vkneh dks l'kDr cukrk gS\]
D;k ;g ,slk ojnku gS tks vf/drj yskxksa dk lka>k gS\] D;k ;g dkexkjksa osQ fgr esa gS\ bu iz'uksa osQ lanHkZ
esa ns[ksa rks ;g Li"V gS fd fiNys nks n'kdksa esa ftl rjg osQ fo'o ck”kkj dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gS] mlesa oSf'od
U;k; osQ fy, dksbZ txg ugha gSA ;s lHkh leL;k,¡ blfy, [kM+h gqbZ gSa D;ksafd jk"Vªksa dh vkfFkZd vU;ksU;kfJrk
vleku 'kfDr forj.k ij vk/kfjr gSA bl vU;ksU;kfJrk esa ,d de”kksj jkT; dh LosPNk Hkh e”kcwjh cu tkrh
gS D;ksafd mlosQ ikl u rks dksbZ ysunsu dh 'kfDr gksrh gS vkSj u gh vius lalk/uksa osQ 'kks"k.k ls cpus dk dksbZ
jkLrkA
oSf'od U;k; ij fHkUu n`f"Vdks.k (Positions on Global Justice)

oSf'od U;k; dk ewy eqík ftl ij fopkj djuk vfuok;Z gS] og gSµ oSf'od U;k; dh ifj;kstuk vUrjkZ"Vªh;
Lrj ij fdruh lEHko gS\ bl lanHkZ esa ik¡p izeq[k n`f"Vdks.k igpkus tk ldrs gSaA ;s gSa% jk"Vªokn
(Nationalism), ;FkkFkZokn (Realism), fof'k"Vokn (Particularism), jkT;ksa dk lekt
ijEijk (Society of States Tradition) rFkk fo'oca/qRo (Cosmopolitanism)A

jk"Vªokfn;ksa] tSls MsfoM feYyj dk roZQ gS fd okafNr ijLij mÙkjnkf;Ùo dh ijEijk ,d fo'ks"k izdkj osQ
ewY;oku leqnk; vFkkZr~ jk"Vª }kjk fufeZr dh tkrh gSA fo'o osQ fdlh dksus esa nq%[kh yksxksa dh lgk;rk djus
dk gekjk ,d ekuoh; dÙkZO; gks ldrk gS ijUrq ;s dÙkZO; gekjs vius ns'k osQ ukxfjdksa dh rqyuk esa vis{kkÑr
de rkRdkfyd] dBksj rFkk vfuok;Z gksrs gSaA jk"Vªokn esa izkjEHk ls gh ;g Hkkouk vUrfuZfgr jgh gS fd jk"Vª osQ

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