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jktuhfrd fl¼kUr
uksV lexz :i ls] ekDlZokn dh nksuksa /kj.kk,¡ U;k; rFkk vU;k; osQ iz'u dk e”knwj&oxZ osQ lanHkZ esa fo'ys"k.k djrh
gSaA iw¡thoknh vU;k; osQ fo#¼ la?k"kZ dk :i osQoy nks oxks±&iw¡thifr vkSj etnwj oxZ&dk la?k"kZ gh gks ldrk
gSA osQoy etnwj&oxZ gh iw¡thoknh vU;k; osQ laiw.kZ <kaps dks pqukSrh nsus dh {kerk vkSj bPNk j[krk gSA U;k;
dh ekDlZoknh /kj.kk okLro esa bl oxZ&la?k"kZ dk vkSfpR; cu tkrh gSA rFkkfi] oqQN vkykspdksa osQ vuqlkj]
ozQkafrdkjh jktuhfr esa osQoy e”knwj oxZ dks gh osQUnzhHkwr egÙo nsuk vlaxr yxrk gSA U;k; osQ fy, cgqr ls
egÙoiw.kZ ledkyhu la?k"kZ mu oxksZa vkSj leqnk;ksa }kjk pyk;s x;s gSa tks osru e”knwjh dk f'kdkj ugha jgs tSls
tkrh; leqnk;] vYila[;d leqnk;] ukjh eqfDr vkUnksyu vkfnA vc ;g Li"V gks x;k gS fd 'kksf"kr etnwj&oxZ
rFkk U;k; osQ fy, mRlqd vU; lkekftd leqnk;ksa dks lnSo ,d leku ugha ekuk tk ldrkA
U;k; dh vko';drk ij cy nsrs gq, fdfefydk fy[krk gS fd U;k; dk vFkZ osQoy lekt dh xyfr;k¡ lq/kjuk
ugha gksrkA blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha fd U;k; fooknksa dks gy djrk gS ijarq blls Hkh egÙoiw.kZ gS fd ;g O;fDr
dks vknj nsrk gS tks O;fDr dk ,d lkè; gksus osQ ukrs mldk gSA vf/dkjksa osQ ekè;e ls U;k; lkekftd leqnk;
esa izR;sd O;fDr dh leku izfr"Bk vkSj fLFkfr dks ekU;rk iznku djrk gS ijUrq ;g yksxksa dks nwljksa dh dher
ij vf/dkjksa dk iz;ksx djus osQ fy, ckè; ugha djrkA vr% ;g fopkj fd ge vf/dkj] U;k;] dÙkZO; tSls
/kj.kkvksa dk R;kx djosQ ,d leku vkSj U;k;iw.kZ lekt dh jpuk dj ldrs gSa] fcYoqQy izHkkfor ugha djrkA
Lo&ewY;akdu (Self Assessment)
cgq&fodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions)–
4- ^oS'ohdj.k osQ ykHk vkSj gkfu;ksa ij fpUru djrs le; U;k; dh vko';drk osQ ckjs esa lkspuk vfuok;Z
gS*µdFku fdldk gS\
(v) :lks (c) veR;Z lsu
(l) gkWCl (n) tkWu jkYl
5- ^n ykW vkWiQ fi;qiYl* iqLrd fy[kh gSµ
(v) tkWu jkWYl (c) gkWCl
(l) veR;Z lsu (n) :lks
6- ekDlZokn osQ vuqlkj lekt esa vU;k; dh ewy tM+ D;k gS\
(v) xjhch (c) vehjh
(l) 'kks"k.k (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
10-3 lkjka'k (Summary)
• vjLrq osQ vuqlkj jktuhfrd vf/dkj] fo'ks"kkf/dkj] /u] laifÙk] HkkSfrd oLrq,¡] izfr"Bk vkfn
forj.kkRed U;k; osQ vk/kj ij vkofUVr gksuh pkfg,A
• U;k; osQ fl¼kUr rFkk izkFkfedrk fuf'pr djus osQ ckn] jkWYl osQ vuqlkj] le>kSrs dk vxyk dne ,d
,sls lafo/ku dk fuekZ.k gS tks U;k; osQ bu fl¼kUrksa dks larq"V dj losQ rFkk U;k;laxr vkSj izHkko'kkyh
fof/&fuekZ.k dk vk/kj cu losQA
• uksf”kd dk U;k; dk fl¼kUr lEifÙk vf/dkj ij vk/kfjr fl¼kUr gSA mldk nkok gS fd O;fDr;ksa dk
fofHkUu oLrqvksa ij lEiw.kZ LokfeRo dk vf/dkj gksrk gS ;k os vftZr dj ldrs gSaA
220 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
