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jktuhfrd fl¼kar
uksV 2-2 lÙkk] oS/rk vkSj izHkko (Authority, Legitimacy and Influence)
¶lÙkk 'kfDr osQ iz;ksx dk laLFkkRed vf/dkj gS] og Lo;a 'kfDr ugha gSA¸ µck;lZVsM
jktuhfr esa lÙkk dh Hkwfedk
lÙkk dks jkt O;oLFkk :ih ^'kjhj dh vkRek* dgk tk ldrk gSA ;g 'kfDr] izHkko vkSj usr`Ro dk ewy
midj.k gS vkSj uhfr fuek.kZ] leUo;] vuq'kklu vkSj izR;k;kstu (delegation) vkfn jktuhfrd izfØ;k,¡ lÙkk
osQ vk/kj ij gh lEHko gksrh gSaA vkSipkfjd ,oa vukSipkfjd nksuksa gh izdkj osQ laxBuksa esa lÙkk dks egÙoiw.kZ
fLFkfr izkIr gksrh gS vkSj jktuhfrd thou esa lÙkk dh vogsyuk ugha dh tk ldrhA dksbZ O;fDr ;k O;fDr&lewg
fcuk vkSipkfjd lÙkk osQ gksrs gq, Hkh ,d fo'ks"k ifjfLFkfr esa lÙkk /kj.k fd;s jg ldrk gSA yksdrU=k esa lÙkk
dk v/huLFkksa vFkkZr~ turk osQ }kjk LohÑr fd;k tkuk egÙoiw.kZ gksrk gSA jkt O;oLFkkvksa ,oa jktuhfr esa lÙkk
dh ek=kk dks c<+kuk vko';d rFkk egÙoiw.kZ gksrk gS] jktuhfrd y{;ksa dh flf¼ blh ls lEcfU/r gksrh gS vkSj
cgqr vf/d lhek rd blh ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
lÙkk dh vo/kj.kk % vFkZ ,oa O;k[;k
lekt foKkuksa osQ vUrjkZ"Vªh; Kku dks'k osQ vuqlkj lÙkk dks dbZ izdkj ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA lÙkk
dh vusd O;k[;k,¡ dh x;h gSa] fdUrq vius lHkh :iksa esa lÙkk 'kfDr] izHkko ,oa usr`Ro ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA lÙkk
dh oqQN ifjHkk"kk,¡ bl izdkj gSa%
ck;lZVsM ^lÙkk 'kfDr osQ iz;ksx dk laLFkkRed vf/dkj gS] og Lo;a 'kfDr ugha gSA*
chp (Beach) osQ vuqlkj] ¶nwljksa osQ dk;Z fu"iknu dks izHkkfor ;k funsZf'kr djus dk vkSfpR;iw.kZ vf/dkj
lÙkk gSA¸
gsujh osQ;ksy osQ vuqlkj] ^^lÙkk vkns'k nsus dk vf/dkj vkSj vkns'k dk ikyu djokus dh 'kfDr gSA**
,syu osQ vuqlkj] ¶lkSais x;s dk;ks± osQ fu"iknu dks lEHko cukus gsrq iznku dh xbZ 'kfDr;k¡ ,oa vf/dkj lÙkk
dgykrs gSaA¸
fFk;ks gSesu us lÙkk dh ifjHkk"kk,¡ oqQN vf/d Li"Vrk osQ lkFk nh gSaA muosQ vuqlkj] ¶lÙkk og oS/kfud 'kfDr
gS ftlosQ vk/kj ij v/huLFkksa dks dke djus osQ fy, dgk tkrk gS rFkk mUgsa ckè; fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj
vkns'k osQ mYya?ku ij vko';drkuqlkj izcU/d muosQ fo#¼ vuq'kklukRed dk;Zokgh dj ldrk gSA ;gk¡ rd
fd mudks dk;Z ls Hkh i`Fko~Q dj ldrk gSA¸
mi;qZDr lHkh fo}kuksa us lÙkk dks fu.kZ; ysus] vkns'k nsus vkSj vkns'k dk ikyu djkus okyh mPp Lrjh; 'kfDr
osQ :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k gSA bu lHkh ifjHkk"kkvksa esa lÙkk osQ vkSipkfjd i{k dks ;k ek=k dkuwuh i{k dks gh
n`f"V esa j[kk x;k gS rFkk bl izdkj ;s ifjHkk"kk,¡ lÙkk osQ osQoy ,d gh i{k dks Li"V djrh gSaA lÙkk vkns'k
nsuh okyh mPpLrjh; 'kfDr gS] ysfdu osQoy bl fLFkfr osQ dkj.k gh lÙkk/kjh osQ vkns'kksa dk ikyu ugha gksrk
gSA vkns'kksa osQ ikyu dk ,d vk/kj v/huLFk vFkok ftUgsa funsZ'k fn, tkrs gSa] mudh lgefr gksrk gSA v/huLFk
tc bl ckr dks Lohdkj djrs gSa fd vkns'kksa osQ lzksr lgh ;k mfpr gS] rc gh vkns'k nsus okys vf/dkjh dks
^izkf/dkjh* (lÙkk/kjh) dgk tkrk gSA lÙkk 'kfDr osQ leku ^'kkfLr;ksa* (Sanctions) osQ vk/kj ij ugha vfirq
mfpr gksus osQ dkj.k nwljksa osQ O;ogkj dks vius vuqowQy cukdj izHkkfor djus dk lk/u gSA ;wusLdks dh ,d
fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj] ¶lÙkk og 'kfDr gS tks fd LohÑr] lEekfur] Kkr ,oa vkSfpR;iw.kZ gksA¸
esjh ikoZQj iQkWysV] psLVj cukZMZ vkSj lkbeu vkfn osQ fo}ku ftuosQ }kjk O;kogkfjd vkSj euksoSKkfud i{k
dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq, lÙkk dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gS] os lÙkk osQ izlax esa vkSfpR; rFkk v/huLFkksa dh lgefr dks
vf/d egÙo nsrs gSaA bu fo}kuksa osQ vuqlkj lÙkk vkns'k nsus okyh mPp Lrjh; 'kfDr vkSj vkns'kksa dk ikyu
38 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
